Deflection reason
1. Number and Distribution of Seeds in Fruits Under normal circumstances, the number and distribution of seeds in fruits plays a decisive role in the development of fruit shape. Because the seed can produce gibberellin to promote fruit growth and development, the more seeds are formed in the fruit, the more evenly distributed in each heart chamber, the lower the probability that the fruit will be skewed; otherwise, the smaller the number of seeds formed, The more uneven the distribution, the higher the probability of forming skewed fruit.
Under normal circumstances, the flesh of the fruit with a large number of seeds develops well, and the flesh of the lesser side of the seed develops poorly, resulting in skewed fruit. The amount of seed formation is directly related to the quality of pollination and fertilization. Therefore, strengthening flowering management of fruit trees, improving pollination and fertilization conditions, and increasing the number of seed formation have a very important role in reducing the incidence of skew fruit.
2. The tree's load and the fruit production of flower inflorescence for many years show that the apple's skewed fruit rate is related to the tree's load. The larger the fruit set, the higher the skew fruit rate, and the moderate fruit set, the lower skew fruit rate; In addition, for each inflorescence, the more fruit inflorescence, not only the fruit shape index, but also The high skew fruit rate, and only one fruit per inflorescence, is not only a large fruit, high fruit shape index, and fruit shape is correct.
3. The state of fruit development The state of fruit on the branches is generally divided into three types: the top of the fruit, the top of the fruit, and the top of the fruit. survey shows that. The slope of the fruit that grows vertically downwards is lower.
4. Tree nutrient status The quality of pollination and fertilization of fruit trees at flowering stage and the level of nutrient storage in the tree directly affect the quantity and quality of pollination and fertilization. If the tree has sufficient nutrition, it is conducive to pollination and fertilization of fruit trees. In addition, from the physiological point of view, the growth and development of Fuji apple fruit can be roughly divided into two periods, namely, the period of increasing cell number and the period of increasing cell volume. In the young fruit development stage, the increase in the number of cells is the main factor, and the longitudinal diameter of the fruit is greater in this period. In the middle and late stages of the fruit growth, the increase in the volume of the cells mainly affects the transverse diameter of the fruit. In order to improve fruit shape index, pay attention to fertilizer and water management in young fruit.
Precaution
1. Pollination-assisted pollination to ensure normal pollination and fertilization is the basic condition for reducing the occurrence of Fuji apple skewers. Therefore, when constructing a garden, it is necessary to rationally configure the pollination tree. At the same time, in the flowering period of fruit trees, artificial pollination such as artificial pollination and bee orchard release can be used to increase the pollen fertilization quantity and quality, ensure the normal growth and development of seeds, and minimize the occurrence of skew fruit from the root.
2. Reasonable load, strict thinning and fruit thinning For Fuji apple trees in full fruit period, a reasonable amount of fruit per acre is about 2,500 kg, and the maximum is no more than 3,000 kg. In the case of guaranteed yield, strict thinning Thinning fruit. Sparse fruiting and fruiting time is earlier, thinning is not as good as sparse flowering, and sparse flowering is better than sparse budding; every 25-30 cm (about 60-70 leaves) leaves an inflorescence, leaving only one fruit that grows vertically downwards in each inflorescence. , Try to stay in the long fruit buds on the top buds.
3. Strengthen the cultivation and management of fruit trees During the growth of fruit trees, it is necessary to rationally apply fertilizer and water, strengthen the control of diseases and pests, and ensure the normal growth of fruit trees. Especially in the fall, early basal manure should be applied, combined with foliar spray, to increase the nutritional level of the tree. Strengthen the pre-management of the orchard to ensure the fertilizer and water supply during the flowering and young fruit period, enabling normal pollination and fertilization and increasing the number of cell divisions. This will not only reduce the occurrence of skew fruits, but also increase the fruit shape index.
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