Sweet potato has the characteristics of high yield, stable yield, wide adaptability, strong resistance to stress, rich nutrition, and health care. To achieve high yields, you must master the following points:
I. Selection of good varieties: The main types of fresh edible potatoes are selected from detoxification varieties: Longshu No. 9 and Xi Nong 431, etc.; The starches used for processing starch are mainly promoted varieties: yams 98, Detoxicated Xuzhai 22, etc.; Health care varieties: Purple sweet potato Wang et al.
Second, the choice of strong seedlings, timely planting: Spring potato planted in early May - late May, summer potato planting time from June 15 - July 5.
Third, balance fertilization, increase application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, ridging planting: deep-cultivation loose soil, the cultivation layer is not less than 20 cm is better. Detoxification of sweet potato should be less nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus, potassium, in line with coarse fat fertilizer, supplemented by the principle of fertilizer. The ratio of N, P and K absorbed by sweet potato was 2:1:3. In short, we must do enough base fertilizer and increase phosphorus, potassium fertilizer, base fertilizer should be based on basal.
Fourth, management:
1, in order to preserve the seedlings, 4-5 days after planting should promptly check the seedlings.
2. After planting seedlings, in the event of drought, the seedlings are wilting, and the watering of the seedlings will be beneficial to the survival and seedlings of the seedlings.
3. On or around July 10th, it should be used 2-3 times to remove weeds before flooding.
Before the end of August, using appropriate measures to increase vines, it is possible to avoid injury to the leaves and to prevent the formation of indeterminate heels and to control the growth of stems. Secondly, chemical control measures should be taken to promptly spray paclobutrazol.
V. Controlling suppression of hunger, clever catching up with fertilizers: Sweet potatoes are drought-tolerant and water-saving crops, and generally have less watering. However, it should be noted that when the two stages of sweet potato growth, the soil moisture content is about 70%. The first stage is 45-60 days after planting, this period is the formation period of sweet potato fries, and the second stage is the expansion period of potato fries. If there is water in the field, drain it in time. Long drought and no rain, appropriate pouring. In late August, sweet potato expansin can be sprayed in an appropriate amount and sprayed twice in intervals of 10 days.
Sixth, timely machinery harvest: sweet potato like warm and cold, most avoid frost. (Shahe City local must be completed before October 23, otherwise vulnerable to cold damage) The local temperature dropped to 18 °C when the harvest began, the ground temperature dropped to 12 °C above the harvest is completed.
VII. Pest Control: In recent years, severe cold sweet potato damage and black spot disease have occurred in our country. Sweet potato cold injury: First, harvested too late, in the field by frost or snow damage; Second, after entering the cellar, causing freezing injury. The third is that the insulation and management of cellar insulation in winter is not good. The temperature in the cellar is lower than 9°C for a long time and is prone to frost damage. Prevention of black spot disease: Select disease-free seed potatoes, breed disease-free strong seedlings, leave disease-free farmland, and implement rotation for more than 3 years. When sown, seed soaked with 50% of 300-1000 times Daisin ammonium for 10 minutes; and soak 50% 50% carbendazim for 10 minutes.
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