How is the green head grown? It is estimated that many people do not know what the head of the green vegetables is. In fact, the head of the green vegetables is fresh mustard. The hometown of Xiaobian here calls it the "vegetable brain shell". Let’s learn the high-yield quality of the green head with Xiaobian. Pollution cultivation technology.
1 Select a plot
According to the special climatic conditions of Chongqing Fuling, the farmers should choose soil with an altitude of 600-800 meters and rich in organic matter as a planting plot to cultivate fresh mustard. This is mainly because the planting temperature is higher in the lower altitude areas, and the pickling seedlings are prone to convulsions in the high temperature climate for a long time. In areas where the altitude is higher than 800 meters, there is a long light time, and convulsions are also highly prone to occur.
2 Select the variety
In order to cultivate high-yield and high-quality fresh mustard, farmers should also do a good job in selecting varieties to avoid the problem of convulsions. At present, Fuling mainly chooses hybrid variety No. 2 as a cultivar.
3 timely seeding
The key to successful cultivation is to plant at the right time. If it is planted too early, the seedlings will grow too fast, and the convulsions will occur in case of low temperature, and the late sowing will not satisfy the purpose of early harvest. In this regard, planters should choose the appropriate planting time according to the annual climate change situation. If the planting season continues to be high temperature, the planting time should be appropriate. If the climate is cold in the planting season, you can broadcast it in time. Under normal circumstances, the sowing date of fresh mustard No. 2 is between August 20 and 25, and it is best to choose an area with an altitude of 600 meters. At the same time, it is necessary to select strong seedlings that are well-growth and free of pests and diseases for cultivation.
3.1 Choose excellent bed soil
Plots with loose texture, rich organic matter and deep soil layers should be used as seedbeds, and as far as possible from the planting area of ​​cruciferous vegetables to avoid virus infection.
3.2 Soil preparation, uniform sowing
After the early cultivation of the seedbed, the planter should also remove the weeds and stones in time, and evenly apply the special compound fertilizer according to the standard of 50 kg/mu. After that, the cultivated land is leveled, and the ditch is used as the compartment according to the topography, and the seedbed is surrounded. Open the drain. After that, uniform seeding is started, usually in the evening. Before planting, the seeding amount is calculated according to the standard of 350 g/mu, and the seeds are mixed with the grass ash evenly on the surface of the car, and after the end of the sowing, the vegetation is covered with the ash, and the water is lost.
3.3 Covering seedlings, drought-resistant seedlings
When the mustard is broadcast early, serious convulsions will occur in the early stage, mainly because of the longer illumination time in the nursery period and the lower temperature in the high altitude area, which provides favorable conditions for flower bud differentiation. In this regard, in order to avoid the problem of convulsions, planters should take timely convulsions and cover the two leaves of the mustard seedlings at noon every day until the end of the seedling period. When encountering high temperature and arid climate, planters should also do drought and seedling protection work. If continuous high temperature weather, they should use light manure to irrigate the seedbed every 2 to 3 hours.
3.4 Strict control of aphids
The main disease of mustard is the virus, which will seriously reduce the yield of mustard. The main vector of the virus is aphids, and there is no specific pesticide to treat infected plants. Therefore, planters must do a good job in the prevention and control of aphids to effectively prevent viral diseases. The seedbed period is the most susceptible stage of the mustard. For this, the planter should effectively control the aphids during the seedbed period. First, the first seed of the seedlings begins to be applied, and then the drug is applied once every 7 days, and it should be applied once before transplanting. Secondly, the application should be carried out on a sunny day to ensure even spraying of the outer leaves, leaves and leaves of the mustard seedlings. Once again, the aphids in the surrounding cruciferous vegetables should be effectively treated during the application to enhance the preventive effect. Finally, the planter can choose a concentration of 20% of the multi-kill polyester 2000 times solution with a concentration of 80% of the dichlorvos emulsion 1000 times solution for prevention and treatment, in order to treat diseases such as cabbage caterpillar and leafhopper.
4 Reasonable close planting, timely transplanting
Planters should choose the plots that have good fertilizer and water retention effect and are rich in organic matter for transplanting. When 4 to 5 true leaves appear in the mustard seedlings, and they can reach 25 to 30 days of seedling age, they can be transplanted. If the seedbed is relatively dry, the planting heat source should be sprayed evenly on the day before transplanting, reducing the negative impact of the seedlings and effectively increasing the probability of transplanting. At the same time, transplanting should be completed on cloudy or sunny days, and transplanting should not be carried out in rainy days, and the planting density should meet the standard of 6000 plants/mu.
5 Rational fertilization
In general, fresh mustard has a growth period of only about 60 days, and the amount of fertilizer required is low, but it must be fertilized in time to effectively meet the growth needs. On the one hand, inorganic compound fertilizer should be used as the fertilizer base, and the inorganic compound fertilizer should be applied according to the standard of 50 kg/mu. After the nest, the mustard seedlings should be planted on one side, and the other side should be fertilized from 6 to 8 cm from the root and the soil cover work should be completed. On the other hand, it should be timely topdressing, and mainly choose nitrogen fertilizer or farmyard fertilizer. After transplanting for 1 to 2 days, the planter should do a good job of fertilizing the roots to increase the tightness of the roots and soil of the mustard seedlings. After 7 to 10 days of transplanting, the first fertilization work was carried out, and the fertilizer was applied according to the standard of 10 kg/mu. After 25 to 30 days of transplanting, a second topdressing work should be carried out, and the fertilizer should be applied according to the standard of 20 kg/mu. In the process of topdressing, planters should effectively consider the climate and soil geology, and the fertilizer should be effective in combating drought. However, if the soil is wet, dry fertilizer should be applied to reduce the amount of water and manure applied.
6 timely harvesting
When the maturity period is reached, the planter should carry out staged harvest based on the growth of fresh mustard in consideration of market demand factors to improve economic efficiency. In general, when the mustard plant has a topping phenomenon, it can be harvested, especially the No. 2 variety should be harvested according to this standard.
Qingcaitou is the basic raw material of Chongqing Fuling mustard. It is rich in nutrients and can provide a variety of essential nutrients for the human body. In recent years, with the continuous improvement of people's living standards and the improvement of transportation conditions in Fuling, the fresh mustard market has been further expanded and the development prospects are broader. In this regard, farmers should thoroughly explore the high-yield, high-quality and pollution-free cultivation techniques of fresh mustard in order to increase their production levels and obtain better social and economic benefits. Welcome everyone to continue to pay attention to Huinong.com to learn more about agricultural technology!
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