Sinus node is the endogenous pacemaker of the heart. Scientists at the National Institute of Aging Cardiovascular Laboratory, using isolated human sinoatrial node cells, discovered a molecular mechanism that triggers a rhythmic contraction of the heart. Studies have shown that the periodic oscillations of calcium ions and membrane potential form two interdependent "clocks" that collectively generate electrical signals spontaneously and regularly. In addition, β-adrenoceptor downstream signaling enhances the coupling between these two clocks and may induce electrical activity in some cells that are not beating. Sinus arrest is a disease caused by sinus node dysfunction and is currently treated with a permanently implanted pacemaker. The study of the mechanism of pacing activity in human sinoatrial node cells may help develop better treatments for sinus arrest.
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