Spring is a transitional season from winter to summer. Cyclone activity is frequent, the weather is changeable, and the temperature rises rapidly in the early spring. In the late spring, the temperature drops sharply below 10 ° C, and even rain and snow weather occurs. This is often said The cold spring. The cold spring will hit the earlier blooming apricot, apple, pear, plum, cherry and other fruit trees, especially the low-lying orchards. The cold spring in March and April of each year has the greatest impact. Frozen buds and frozen flowers are prone to occur, which directly affect the flowering, pollination and fruit setting of fruit trees, and cause great damage to fruit trees. At present, while doing a good job in epidemic prevention and control, it is also necessary to do a good job in orchard management, to carry out timely preparations for the prevention and control of the cold spring season, to prevent problems before they occur, and to ensure that this year's apple production is of high quality.
Pay attention to weather changes and increase awareness of precautions. Pay attention to weather changes and weather forecasts at all times, especially in areas where frequent cold springs occur. Based on the long-term weather forecast of the local meteorological department, pay attention to short-term weather forecasts during flowering periods to predict the time and intensity of frost. Take emergency precautions.
Improving tree resistance (1) Quickly carry out soil fertilization: Due to unsatisfactory prices last year, many orchards did not apply base fertilizer after picking fruit. These orchards should be fertilized as soon as possible, and organic fertilizers, microbial fertilizers, compound fertilizers, and medium and micro fertilizers should be used in combination. Orchards that have been basal fertilizer can be combined with irrigation to apply silicon calcium calcium magnesium potassium fertilizer 100-200 kg / mu or calcium ammonium nitrate 25-40 kg / mu.
(2) Spray dry branches before germination: spray the tree body with 1-3% urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, amino acid calcium, borax, zinc sulfate and other nutrient solutions 3 times before the germination (the concentration is high before the low) to improve the Resistance.
(3) Spray aminooligosaccharide or antifreeze: spray 5% aminooligosaccharide or seaweed at the recommended concentration of the product during the period of germination, new shoot growth, red flowering, or 1 to 2 days before the cold wave. Vegetarian or antifreeze to improve fruit tree resistance.
Delay flowering to avoid the cold spring (1) Whitening the trunk: Whiten the trunk before budding to delay tree activity and delay flower bud germination and flowering.
(2) Irrigation before germination (blooming): Irrigation before germination (blooming) can reduce ground temperature, delay tree activities, delay the flowering period appropriately and avoid frost.
Take temporary measures to reduce the impact of frost. (1) Irrigation and water spraying: Pay attention to the weather during the flowering period of the fruit trees, orchard watering before the late frost, and continuous water spraying when the condition of cold tide comes, to increase the orchard environment temperature and reduce the impact.
(2) Orchard smoke: Dig a trench between the rows before the late frost, and place sawdust in the trench. When frost occurs (1 to 5 am), firewood, sawdust, and fallen leaves in the trench are lit. Be careful not to smoke Fire can also release commercial aerosols. You can also use household honeycomb coal stoves (5-6 per acre) for fumigation.
(3) Strengthen artificial pollination after frost: It is predicted that there will be late frost, and pollen should be prepared in advance. After frost occurs, artificial pollination should be performed in time to increase the fruit setting rate.
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