High-yield cultivation technology of winter mustard

Complete nutrition, rich in protein, is the main vegetable variety processed and fresh in eastern Guangdong. In recent years, Wuhua County, Guangdong Province has made full use of the favorable light and temperature climate resources in winter to vigorously develop the pollution-free production of mustard vegetables such as Mei Cai and Chaozhou Baoshou in Meilin Town and demonstration farms to promote the economic income of local farmers.

Mustard requires cold and humid climate conditions. The growth temperature is 15-20 ° C, and the formation of nodule should be 10-15 ° C. It is easy to scorch below 10 ° C. Above 25 ° C is not good for nodulation. The key points of high-yield cultivation of winter mustard are as follows:

1 timely sowing, scientific seedlings

The planting period of Chaozhou baoxin mustard is from October to November. Select high-quality vegetable seeds and mix with an appropriate amount of fine sand to spread it evenly. After sowing, cover it with a layer of fine soil or plant ash, then cover it with forage and drench it with water. Remove the forage in time after emergence. Under the premise of applying sufficient base fertilizer at seedling stage, thinly apply 10% decomposed human urine and spray with 40% dimethoate 1000 times solution and 70% chlorothalonil 600 times solution to prevent pests.

2 Fine land preparation and reasonable planting

Mustard is not strict on the soil. Generally, sunny soil is required for ventilation, convenient drainage and irrigation, and water and fertilizer retention. Apply enough base fertilizer before planting, apply 30kg of imported compound fertilizer, 3-5kg of urea, 25kg of superphosphate and 10kg of potassium chloride every 667m2, and then mix 50kg of peanut bran. The hoisting specification can adopt 1.2m package pits, the plant spacing is 30-50cm, double row planting, it is appropriate to plant 2500-3000 plants at 667m2.

3 Strengthen field fertilizer and water management

After the planting, water was sprayed once in the morning and evening every 2 to 3 days. Depending on the weather conditions, the water was irrigated every 3 to 5 days thereafter. In the early stage, the roots are weak, grow slowly, and are susceptible to waterlogging. They are mainly light-irrigated; in the middle and late stages, the roots are developed, grow faster, require more water, and can be gradually re-irrigated, but the irrigation is better than the noodles; Stop irrigation for the first 5 days to facilitate storage and processing.

Mustard topdressing is mainly nitrogen, but phosphorus and potassium fertilizers should be appropriately added at the seedling stage and the Honda stage to improve disease resistance and increase yield. New roots begin to grow after planting and survival. The human urinary water should be applied thinly once, and then applied once every 7 days or so, the weight gradually increases; the second application of fertilizer can be started after 10 days, and 7.5 kg of compound fertilizer plus urea 2.5 kg; the third fertilizer application was performed 17 days after planting, and 10 kg of compound fertilizer plus 2.5 kg of urea was applied; 24 days after planting, 12.5 kg of urea was applied every 667 m2, and 5 kg of potassium chloride was added; For secondary ball-forming fertilizer, use 12.5 kg of compound fertilizer and 2.5 kg of urea per 667m2 to promote the thickening of the bulbs. In order to make up for the lack of nutrient uptake by mustard roots, foliar fertilizer should be sprayed 1-2 times in the later stage of growth, and 1% -3% calcium superphosphate plus nutrient nucleotide 1 packet can be sprayed.

4 Strengthening pest control

4.1 Downy mildew

Mainly harms the leaves. Chemical control can be applied by spraying 64% anti-virus alum 500 times, or 600-800 times Dupont Clove.

4.2 Anthrax

The medicine can be controlled with 800% solution of anthrax fome, 800 times solution, 40% daconin suspension agent 500-700 times solution, or 50% application of 1000 times solution.

4.3 Soft Rot

Once the diseased strain is found, remove it immediately; the primary diseased strain can be sprayed with 800% solution of suspension agent, or 800 times solution of demexonium, or 700 times solution of dixon with 77%.

4.4 Yellow Strip Jumping

Pharmacy control can choose 3000 times liquid of enemy killing cream, 1000-1500 times of BT emulsion, or 800-1000 times of killing bacillus.

4.5 aphid

Alternately spray 800-1000 times solution of 40% gram aphid EC in time, or 2000-3000 times solution of 50% antiaphicarb, or 2500-3000 times solution of 4.5% beta-cypermethrin.

4.6 Pieris

For drug control, you can choose to spray 600-800 times of 25% immortal urea No. 3 gel suspension, or spray spray with 2000-4000 times of 5% stagnant EC.

5 Harvest

Mustard is generally 667m2 and produces 2000-3000kg. When the leaf ball is compact, the outer leaves can be harvested when it is slightly yellow.

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