In general, rice grown in shrimp fields is grown under the conditions of joint production of shrimp and rice. The growth conditions are special, that is, rice production under ecological cultivation conditions meets the demand for organic rice. So, what are the high-yield cultivation techniques for rice in shrimp fields?
Variety selection
Through planting and screening, the rice variety Huang Huazhan stands out. Huang Huazhan is a high-quality rice variety with a plant height of 92.3~95.8m and a total growth period of 125d. The plant species are compact, resistant to fertilizers, resistant to pests and diseases, high in yield, good in rice quality, and high in commodity value. These comprehensive traits make them suitable for rice cultivation in shrimp fields.
Paddy field finishing
The paddy field is only one season of rice, and the field is separated from the ring ditch. The height and width of the field are 30 and 20 cm, respectively. For paddy fields where base fertilizer and shrimp are applied, the last batch of shrimp can be harvested from the end of May to the beginning of June, and 45% of the compound fertilizer is applied at 450kg/hm2, evenly spread on the field within 7 days, mechanical ploughing and cultivation, in order to Prevent crayfish from being lost due to its high density and must be disposed of in the shortest possible time.
sowing
Huang Huazhan should use live seeding, and the seeding rate is 75kg/hm2. Depending on the length and width of the field and the convenient application of the plant. It should be evenly distributed during sowing, laying the foundation for ensuring uniform ventilation of the plants in which crayfish grow.
Water level management
In the early spring of February to March, the water level of the shrimp farm should be controlled at around 30 cm. After 30 days, the water level needs to be increased by 30 cm and kept at about 60 cm. After planting rice from the end of May to the beginning of June, the water in the cabin is drained, which is convenient for rice needles. Water control is carried out in front of 2 leaves 1 and shallow water is processed in the tillering stage. After re-watering, the wet treatment is carried out and a small amount of water layer is maintained during the booting stage. The principle of water management in the heading and filling stages is dry and wet. At high temperatures, deep water temperature adjustment is required, and water is cut off 7 days before harvest.
Fertilization management
Fertilization adheres to the principle of pre-promotion, central control and post-complementation. The total fertilization amount is pure N 180~210 kg/hm 2 , P 2 O 5 75~105 kg/hm 2 , K 2 O120~150 kg/hm 2 , do not use Ammonia-containing fertilizers that are harmful to crayfish.
Pest control
Chemical control should be carried out in a timely manner, focusing on the prevention and control of pests such as rice locusts, aphids, rice planthoppers, and rice leaf roller, seedling diseases, rice blast, sheath blight, rice false disease and other panicle syndromes. Combine current predictions of diseases and insects, and master the prevention and management methods and management methods of various pests and diseases.
In addition, drainage should be carried out before harvest, but special care should be taken when draining, so as to reduce the water level to 5~10 cm at the fastest speed, and then drain slowly so that the crayfish can return to the circular trench. Finally, a water level of about 15 cm can be maintained for rice harvesting.
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