Scientists map the malignant melanoma genome of oral head and neck mucosa
June 26, 2019 Source: Science Network
Window._bd_share_config={ "common":{ "bdSnsKey":{ },"bdText":"","bdMini":"2","bdMiniList":false,"bdPic":"","bdStyle":" 0","bdSize":"16"},"share":{ }};with(document)0[(getElementsByTagName('head')[0]||body).appendChild(createElement('script')) .src='http://bdimg.share.baidu.com/static/api/js/share.js?v=89860593.js?cdnversion='+~(-new Date()/36e5)];The team led by Academician Zhang Zhiyuan, the ninth hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, conducted the largest oral mucosal malignant melanoma study of the head and neck, and mapped the relevant genomic maps to provide evidence-based medical evidence for the treatment of the disease. Relevant research results have recently been published in the international authoritative journals "Clinical Oncology Research" and "Therapeutic Diagnostics". Professor Alexander N. Shoushtari, a commemorator of the Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, spoke highly of the results of the experiment, praising the study for providing a “blueprint†for the clinical transformation and clinical trials of mucosal malignant melanoma (MM).
According to the Global Cancer Statistics Report, the global number of malignant melanomas is expected to increase by about 1.04 million in 2018, and the number of deaths is expected to exceed 65,000. Although malignant melanoma is a rare tumor in China, its mortality rate is high and the incidence rate is increasing year by year. It is worth noting that malignant melanoma in China is distinct from malignant melanoma in Caucasians in Europe and America. Mucosal malignant melanoma (MM), which is common in the mouth and nose and throat, accounts for 20-30 of all blacks in the Chinese population. %, far higher than the proportion of 1-5% in the European and American population. Due to the lack of evidence of large-scale evidence-based medicine, there are currently no systematic treatment recommendations and medication specifications.
The researchers found that there are significant differences in the genetic characteristics of MM compared to cutaneous malignant melanoma, such as large-scale genetic events, gene copy number variation, and chromosome structural variation, especially between chromosomes 5 and 12. Variations in chromosome structure may play a driving role in the development and progression of tumors.
In order to apply the research results to patients' clinical treatment more quickly, the researchers used the genetics of the world's largest oral-head and neck cancer patient tissue-derived cells and mouse transplanted tumor (PDC/PDX) model drug screening platform. The informatics annotation of the mucosal malignant melanoma PDX model cohort carried out a "1 × 1 × 1" clinical alternative trial of "a model using a mouse to conduct a pharmacodynamic experiment" model, further confirming the molecular typing of MM patients The feasibility of conducting a “biomarker-driven†clinical trial of Palbociclib.
"Relying on the National Center for Clinical Research of Oral Diseases, we have begun the design and application of clinical trials for the evaluation of the efficacy of Palbociclib for molecularly MM patients." Zhang Zhiyuan said that the research results can be translated into clinical guidelines. Bringing new hope to patients with oral-head and neck mucosal dysplasia.
It is reported that Zhang Zhiyuan's Ph.D. students Zhou Yi, Shi Chaoji, Han Yong, Tao Wenjie and Professor Li Jiang, director of the Department of Oral Pathology, are the co-first authors of the relevant research results and researcher Sun Shuyang as co-communication authors.
The reporter learned that the National Center for Clinical Research of Oral Diseases, headed by Zhang Zhiyuan, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, has always carried out high-level clinical research as the main direction, and carried out multi-disciplinary clinical evidence-based research on major oral diseases and difficult diseases. At present, more than 10 national multi-center, large-sample, high-quality clinical studies of major oral diseases have been organized and carried out in a targeted manner, and obtained include oral-head and neck mucosal malignant melanoma, oral head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, periodontal disease, and sputum. A series of original research results such as mandibular joint diseases. The center will rely on the overall strength and advantages of the medical research and prevention of the nine hospitals to guide the clinical diagnosis and treatment of major oral diseases and difficult diseases, and assist the relevant national departments to develop a "Chinese version" disease prevention and control program based on clinical research evidence. And clinical guidelines.
Related paper information: DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-18-3442; DOI: 10.7550/thno.30890
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