Why does weight loss help with the treatment of diabetes? A study published in the new issue of Cell-Metabolism in the United States gives the answer, which is related to the improvement of islet beta cell function. The findings challenged the previously thought that the function of islet beta cells in patients with type 2 diabetes is irreversible.
Among the diabetic patients, 90% belong to type 2 diabetes, that is, the patient's pancreas does not produce enough insulin to break down blood sugar, or the body cannot effectively use the insulin produced. Insulin is secreted by islet beta cells in the pancreas.
Recent clinical trials have found that 46% of diabetic patients with a history of 6 years have recovered the function of islet regulation of blood sugar after one year of weight loss, and do not need to take diabetes drugs. Researchers at the University of Newcastle and other institutions in the United Kingdom conducted a study of 64 people in the weight loss group and 26 people in the control group. It was found that patients with type 2 diabetes had reduced liver fat and pancreatic fat after one year of weight loss, and blood triglycerides. The concentration is also reduced. Further studies found that patients with weight loss in the weight-loss group had a shorter average onset time of 2.7 years, while patients who failed to achieve islet function recovery had a longer average duration of 3.8 years. The biggest difference between the two is whether the first phase of insulin secretion can be restored.
Islet beta cells secrete insulin and can be divided into several phases. The first phase secretes the existing insulin within a few minutes after the meal, and the second phase secretes the newly synthesized insulin after the first phase. The author of the paper, Professor Roy Taylor of Newcastle University in the United Kingdom, said that diabetes began to lose weight after diagnosis, and it is expected to save islet beta cells. This reversible discovery of type 2 diabetes will increase understanding of this metabolic disease and help to find a more targeted treatment. (According to Xinhua News Agency, Washington, August 3rd)
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