Factors that affect the survival of grafting

Grafting is a technique commonly used in horticulture. The survival of grafting is restricted by many factors. In addition to the affinity of rootstock and scion, there are mainly the following points:

A. Scion Scion It is best to use a well-growth, well-developed annual branch with a strong, well-rounded outer surface of the mother plant. The buds that are not fully populated and poorly rooted should be cut off, and only full and full shoots in the middle should be used. With 2 to 3 years old branches for scion, graft survival rate is low. The more vigorous the young organization is, the stronger the ability of the callus to form, and the more favorable it is for healing.

Grafting in early spring, to use the storage of branches for scion, this dormant branches are conducive to graft survival. If it has already broken the dormancy, the sprouting buds are in a germinating state. After grafting, they only rely on their own nutrient water supply to grow. The callus tissue cannot be fully healed and grafting is not easy to survive.

In the growing season, the tender shoots are grafted and the scions are better to use branches with sufficient nutrition and a certain maturity. Twig grafting is best carried out after the growth of vigorous shoots ceases. In the northern region, grafting after 5 to 6 months is preferred. After sprouting in the spring, grafting occurs when the shoots grow vigorously, and the survival rate is low.

Second, rootstock grafting in early spring should be carried out after the rootstock has entered the active state. Because the callus healed and the sprouting of the scion buds grew, roots were needed to absorb nutrients. The rootstock itself should be robust, disease-free, and its diameter should generally be 1 to 2 centimeters, 2 to 5 years old.

Third, the temperature and humidity According to the survey, apple scion callus formation and temperature are directly related to the formation of the most at 20 °C. Therefore, suitable temperature for marrying should be 20°C to 25°C, and not less than 15°C at night.

Twigs Grafting In order to maintain the temperature of the grafted interface, commonly used plastic bags are used to wrap the interface. The noon temperature inside the bag is often very high, but in order to maintain the humidity, do not rush to break the bag.

The relative humidity during grafting is required to be above 90%. In practice, in order to maintain the humidity at the interface, smearing of paraffin wax, plastic strips, or soil conservation is commonly used to increase the humidity at the grafting site.

Fourth, light and water Evergreen trees grafted and twig grafting, scion with leaves conducive to survival. The leaves on the scion can perform photosynthesis and produce assimilation substances. The formation of scion callus initially relied on storage of nutrients and gradually relied on the supply of assimilation material.

Strong light will cause the water in the scion to evaporate quickly, and the temperature of the covering material at the grafting site will rise faster, and the scion will tend to be thicker. Generally grafted under shading light conditions, the survival rate is higher.

The rain after grafting is not good for survival. The reason is that the interface is easily immersed in rain and hinders the formation of callus.

V. Grafting Technology Grafting technology has a skilled process, and many practices will naturally grasp the essentials. The main technique is the cutting of the grafting surface, the formation of the layer and the binding of the three steps of the operation, that is, the cutting surface should be flat, the formation of the layer should be aligned, tied tight.

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