The rice drought-raising and sparse planting technology has the functions of saving water, labor, province, paddy fields, provinces, provinces, and provinces. Dry seedling seedlings are of good quality, with well-developed root system, good elasticity, short and strong, robust and robust. After transplanting in the field, they return to green and fast, and they have early and fast growth, and they have strong resistance to stress.
First, seedbed selection and site preparation
1, seedbed selection
Choose leeward sunny, easy irrigation and drainage, fertile soil, deep plowing layer more than 20 cm, high soil organic matter content, water retention and strong soil fertility.
2, seedbed fertilization
Fertilize in winter, apply 2-3 kilograms of livestock manure and 0.2-0.25 kilograms of superphosphate per m2, and mix it evenly in the soil. Before the winter, fertilize the field in the field can be used for fertilization before sowing. In conjunction with the theory, 2.5 to 3 kilograms of decomposed livestock manure or 5 to 8 kilograms of decomposed manure water per square meter of alfalfa is applied to the soil.
3, make a bed
After fertilizing and cultivating, it shall be carried out 7 to 10 days before sowing to make a bed, according to the 1.9 meters off-line, the net width of the surface shall be 1.3-1.5 meters, the width shall be 50 centimeters, and the height shall be low. After the mound is well prepared, mix 2.5-3 g of dexamethasone, 5 g of potassium sulfate, and 3 g of zinc sulfate with the tillage layer.
Second, sowing and seedbed management
1. Variety selection: Select the local main push variety.
2. Seed treatment: Select full-grown seeds, drying seeds for 1-2 days, selecting them with muddy water or salt water, and germinating until dew-whitening after soaking with SPK for 48-72 hours.
3. Seeding (1) Seasonal and sowing amount: Cold and cool areas in the middle and early March and Wenliang area in the middle and late March. The seeding volume is calculated based on the net area of ​​the trampoline, and 130-150 grams of germinated seeds per square meter of trampoline are planted. Seeding should be carried out by weighing and seeding in order to achieve uniform seeding.
(2) Watering: Watering of the entire surface is performed on the first day of sowing, and the entire plough layer must be thoroughly irrigated to make the soil moisture content saturated. On the same day, when the inlays the soil to form a rough surface, it can be sowed (a 2.0-2.5 kg of rice seed can be grown with a pack (800g) of dry nurses when sowing, and sowed after uniformly stirring).
(3) Cover soil: After sowing, use prepared nutritious soil (fine soil: fine manure = 6 : 4), cover the surface of the sorghum, and cover the soil to a thickness of about 1 cm, so that the seeds cannot be exposed.
(4) Weeding in Putian: Use 33% of Shitian's replenishing oil to dilute 1 kg of water per minute, and spray it evenly on the surface (wet spray can be used). No longer watering after spraying, Shi Tianbu contact with seeds will inhibit the growth of seed buds.
(5) Cover film: Due to the low temperature in spring in our district, we should use the arch film (4-6 wire) to ensure the seedling is fast and neat.
4. Seedbed water: After sowing, it should not be watered until the first leaf. After emergence, if there are no dewdrops in the leaves in the morning or in the evening, or if the leaves in the middle of the leaves are rolled, they should be watered in the morning and they must be poured thoroughly.
5, seedlings tube film: Drought after sowing cover film, to implement see the green ventilation, usually three days that can see the green, see the green, the temperature should be low ventilation, noon ventilation every day for 2-4 hours, maintain about 5 days During the period of one leaf and one heart, increase the ventilation, open both ends of the day, turn off the membranes at night, so that after 7-10 days, ventilate day and night for 3-4 days, and then choose the morning or evening to remove the membrane, timely watering after uncovering the membrane. once.
6. Prevent disease and fertilization: Use thiocyclazole to prevent seedling mites 1-2 times before transplanting, and at the same time, combine watering with urea to chase the manure before 2-3 days before transplantation to increase the nitrogen content of the seedlings.
III. Transplanting and Management in Daejeon
1, timely transplanting
(1) The water source conditions are good, and the areas where drought and early planting can be planted are suitable. Age control is 35-40 days. Maturity is up to four-leaf to five-leaf. The seedling height is about 15 cm.
(2) In areas where the water is planted, the drought and flood can also be planted in medium and large seedlings. The age of the plant can reach 50-60 days. However, the seeding rate should be about 10% less than that of seedlings. Generally, 120 g per m2 of seeding should be preferred. In addition, large seedlings should be transplanted with fertilizer in the period of one leaf to four leafs.
2, shallow interpolation
The depth of transplanting should be 1-2 cm, and the depth of field water should not exceed one inch. That is, Tian Jiping, the mud must be converted, the water should be thin, and the plug should be shallow.
3, sparse plant
According to the results of experiments and demonstrations in recent years, the density of dry nursery eel in our region is controlled between 2.5 and 30,000 bushes per acre, with two plants per cluster. The planting specifications are wide and narrow row planting, taking 4 (pearow spacing), 4 (small row spacing), 6 (large row spacing) inches or 4 (pearow spacing), 4 (small row spacing), 8 (large row spacing) inches, each cluster 2 seedlings .
4, fertilization
In the field, fertilization, field fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, and potash fertilizer are the same as conventional water mulch. The difference is in the application of nitrogen fertilizer, nitrogen fertilizer application in dry nursery, and the total amount of application can be in the conventional film mash application throughout the field period. Based on the reduction of 10%, the application time and proportion, according to the test should be used 7:2:1 application method. The so-called 7:2:1 fertilization method is 70% of nitrogen fertilizer in field stage, and is used as intermediate base fertilizer before planting, and 20% is called early panicle fertilizer (ie, soy fertilizer) at 50-60 days after planting. % During the grain filling period 90-100 days, it is called late panicle fertilizer (ie, strong seed fertilizer).
5, field water management
The management model adopts intermittent management such as “planting in shallow water, live seedlings in water, thin waterlogging, deep water booting, wet and strong growth, and dryness and wetnessâ€. For lands that are convenient for irrigation and drainage, it is required to dry the field once at the end of the till, which lasts from 5 to 7 days. After the grouting is completed, it is mature to moisten the leaves and increase the seed setting rate.
6, strengthen pest control
The timely prevention and control of rice blast disease (leaf mites, panicle blasts), rice negative mud, armyworm and rice planthoppers will be carried out to ensure high yield and quality.
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