The vision greenhouse production machinery and supporting facilities are one of the important equipments of modern agriculture, and are the combination of agricultural machinery technology and horticultural technology. The application of facility agriculture and greenhouse production mechanization technology can greatly enhance the intensive and efficient production and management level under controlled conditions, liberate people from heavy manual labor, ensure stable and high yield of crops, and significantly improve the overall benefits of agriculture. Promote the coordinated development of the agricultural economy. At present, there are several types of solar greenhouse production and operation equipment and supporting facilities that are promoted and used in China.
Production machinery:
In response to the special environment of greenhouse cultivation, various small-scale farming machines are born in time to play their flexible and versatile functions, and can be conveniently operated at the corners of the shed. The ploughing and finishing machinery mainly adopts small-scale tillage machinery driven by 2.5~4.5Kw power. The supporting main machine is a small walking tractor. It is mainly used for rotary tilling and finishing. After replacing the working parts, it can be used for ploughing, soiling, trenching and deep pine. , as a squat, ridge, weeding, fight drugs and other operations. During the rotary tilling operation, the rotary cultivating member is directly driven by the engine to rotate, and the driving ground wheel is not installed, and the thrust belt driven by the rotary cultivating component is advanced, and a "resistance rod" is provided to control the ploughing depth and the forward speed. The handle can be adjusted up and down, left and right, to facilitate the corner work of the shed. The seeding machine has a seed drill, a vegetable ridge boring machine, a precision seeder, a seed belt planter, etc., and selects a suitable model according to the selected crop. This kind of machinery has the characteristics of saving seeds, labor saving, high germination rate, neat emergence, reasonable row spacing, good ventilation and light transmission, high yield, etc. It is widely used in facility agriculture and horticulture. The film mulching machine can be divided into a film mulching machine, a rotating film mulching machine and a seeding and filming combined working machine according to the application; according to the farming method, it can be divided into a mulching film covering machine and a ridge mulching film covering machine. When selecting, the model is determined according to the width of the laminating work and the working efficiency. Other production machines commonly used in other working machines include vegetable transplanting machinery, vegetable automatic grafting machinery, vegetable foliar fertilizing machinery, vegetable harvesting machinery, and vegetable post-harvest processing machinery.
Drip fertigation system:
The greenhouse drip fertigation system includes water supply pump, water pipe network, drip irrigation belt, fertilization, filtration, and control devices. The water distribution network consists of a main pipe, a branch pipe and a capillary pipe. A small single-item water supply pump can be used for multiple sheds, and a single single-purpose water supply pump is used for a single shed. The water main pipe and the branch pipe are selected from the PE pipe, and the capillary pipe is selected from the drip irrigation pipe under the low pressure working state. The capillary tube is arranged according to the crop direction, and the water supply pump, the fertilizer applicator, the regulating valve, etc. are arranged on the water delivery supervisor. The advantages are: small investment, low cost, and the pump can be moved, increasing the irrigation area and reducing the cost per unit area. Improve the quality of irrigation. Increasing the yield can achieve timely, moderate, and moderate irrigation, which is beneficial to improve the ratio of solid, liquid, and atmospheric pressure in the soil, so that the soil is not suitable for squashing, the soil is loose, and the root growth of the crop is promoted. In particular, it can reduce the indoor temperature of the shed, reduce the occurrence of pests and diseases, and ensure the stable and high yield of crops. It has a wide range of uses and can be applied to chemical fertilizers, pesticides, biogas slurry and organic fertilizer clear liquid.
Rolling shutter machinery:
Rolling shutter machinery is suitable for greenhouse curtains, curtains, insulation, etc. The working length can reach 60~100m or more. Each roll (pull) curtain only needs 4~5min, which is more than 10 times more effective than manual roll (pudding) curtain. . According to different walking styles, greenhouse rolling shutter machinery is divided into fixed roller blind machine (horizon rolling shutter machine) and self-propelled roller blind machine, and self-propelled roller blind machine is divided into sports car according to different structures. Type, swing arm and rocker type. The working principle is to use the reducer to realize the rolling cover curtain. The reducer adopts the double worm three-dimensional cross structure, the volume is small, the transmission torque is large, the reduction ratio is large, and the white lock is good. The spur gear transmission reducer has large transmission torque, but the reduction ratio is small, the volume is small, and the self-locking property is not good. The differential gear reducer has a light weight structure but is weak against load.
Window ventilation machinery:
Window venting machinery refers to a mechanical system that uses electricity or labor in a greenhouse to open and close a sash window or side window through a special transmission mechanism. Commonly used in the shed is a rack and pinion window opener, a crank connecting rod window opener, a four-link window opener, and a sliding window. The rack and pinion window opener is the most commonly used window opening machine. The core component is the rack and pinion. The accessory parts vary with the whole mechanism. Because of its stable performance, safe and reliable operation, strong carrying capacity, high transmission efficiency, accurate operation and easy automatic control, it is the preferred type for large-scale multi-span greenhouses.
Wet curtain fan cooling system:
In summer, due to strong solar radiation and greenhouse effect, the temperature in the shed is as high as 40 ° C or even 50 ° C, resulting in a large number of greenhouses can not be planted all year round, especially perennial seedlings, flowers and other restrictions are greatly limited. The cooling system of the wet curtain fan is to cool down by the principle that the moist heat in the air is converted into latent heat when the water evaporates, and the evaporation of the water is proportional to the difference of the saturated air pressure of the air. The drier the air, the higher the temperature, and the greater the temperature of the air passing through the wet curtain. In the hot weather in summer, the air is reduced by 4 to 7 °C after passing through the wet curtain. The system consists of NB type wet curtain, 9FJ stealing crab ç¼î‹° (7)  低 澈 妥 妥 妥 刈 刈 刈 璞讣虻ァ 璞讣虻ァ 璞讣虻ァ 璞讣虻ァ 璞讣虻ァ 璞讣虻ァ 璞讣虻ァ 璞讣虻ァ 璞讣虻ァ 璞讣虻ァ 璞讣虻ァ 璞讣虻ァ 璞讣虻ァ 璞讣虻ァ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . It is the most economical and effective cooling method for large-scale production facilities such as greenhouses and livestock houses in northern China in terms of 1/7 of air conditioners and 1/10 of operating air conditioners.
Gas tempering machinery:
The gas quenching and tempering machine is a common device for warming greenhouse crops and adding carbon dioxide gas fertilizer. It is designed and manufactured by using electric dedusting chemical desulfurization technology, and can remove smoke, tar and flue gas components harmful to plants from coal burning. The CO required for plant photosynthesis and the heat generated by coal burning are all placed in the greenhouse. Its main features: CO, large gas supply, significant yield increase effect, the increase of root vegetables is generally 75% to 300%, fruit and vegetables 30% to 200%, leaf vegetables 30% to 50%. The heat generated by coal burning can be fully put into the shed. The operation is simple. When the power is high, the flue gas can be automatically transferred to the Atl-discharge port and discharged to the outside. The fire can be automatically shut down when the fire is extinguished, and the machine can be automatically shut down when cleaning. Use this equipment without pollution, harmless to greenhouse plants
Pest control machinery:
The commonly used pest control facilities in the greenhouse include sulfur fumigation equipment, ozone detoxification machine, and frequency vibration insecticidal lamp. The greenhouse disease ozone prevention and control machine uses the air in the greenhouse as the raw material, and combines the oxygen into three oxygen atoms through the high-pressure discharge technology, which can quickly kill or blunt the harmful bacteria, fungi and germs on the surface of the greenhouse and the surface of the plant. Turn. After the sterilization and disinfection process is completed, due to the reducing characteristics of ozone, the ozone is reduced to oxygen after a few minutes at normal temperature, and thus is disinfected with ozone, without pollution, and without residue.
Heating hot air stove:
In the northern part of China, due to the cold weather in winter, especially for large-scale multi-span greenhouses, it is necessary to create an ambient temperature suitable for the growth and development of anti-season melons and fruits. The use of coal-fired hot blast stoves for heating the greenhouse can achieve good temperature enhancement. . Its use characteristics are low investment, low operating costs, and can reduce planting costs, which is suitable for the actual needs of rural areas. When used, the thickness of the coal can reach about 40cm (about 200Kg), and it will be ignited from the upper part of the coal seam and gradually burned down. 1 time coal can be burned for about 5 hours, the hot air coming out from the furnace mouth is generally around 80-100 °C, and the hot air temperature can be adjusted by the air temperature adjusting device and the air inlet and exhaust facilities in the shed. In terms of the choice of calorific value, the user can choose according to the type and area of ​​the greenhouse.
Other machinery and facilities:
Some advanced machinery and facilities are also used in the solar greenhouse, which plays an important role in enhancing the environmental control of the shed. The electric defogging and disease prevention promoting device achieves the synergistic effect of promoting growth, CO supplementation, trace ozone and high-energy charged particles through the action of the intermediate electric field, regulating various physiological activities of plants, effectively preventing and controlling plant deficiency and root-low temperature absorption disorder. . Automatic snow sweeping mechanical system This mechanical system realizes the automatic snow sweeping function of the roof, which solves the problem of large area snow cover in winter roofs in northern China and seriously affects the overall performance of the greenhouse. The film winder is a miniature reducer used to roll the film to achieve the purpose of releasing air and dehumidification. Soil Nutrient Speedometer This instrument can quickly determine the content of organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other trace elements in soil by using electronics and optical principles. It provides a scientific and effective reference for formula fertilization and can be targeted for fertilization. The blind use and waste of fertilizer. Filling device This is a special fill light fixture for solar greenhouses to meet the needs of crop growth for light.
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