Classification and working principle of hydrostatic bearings:
1. Classification: Hydrostatic bearings are divided into radial bearings, thrust bearings and radial thrust bearings. It has two systems for constant oil supply pressure and constant oil supply flow. Constant oil supply pressure systems are more common.
2. Working principle: The hydrostatic bearing with constant oil supply pressure system is the structure of hydrostatic bearing and bearing bush with constant oil supply pressure system. The externally supplied pressure oil is reduced from the oil supply pressure to the oil chamber pressure through the compensating element, and then from the oil chamber pressure to the ambient pressure through the gap between the oil sealing surface and the journal. Most bearings are concentric with the bearing hole when the shaft is not subjected to external force, and the clearance, flow and pressure of each oil chamber are equal. This is called the design state. When the shaft is displaced by the external force, the average clearance, flow and pressure of each oil chamber change, and the external force of the bearing is balanced with the vector sum of the oil film forces of the oil chambers. The compensation component automatically adjusts the pressure of the oil chamber and compensates the flow. The compensation performance will affect the bearing capacity of the bearing and the stiffness of the oil film. The compensating element in the constant oil supply pressure system is called a throttle, and the common ones are a capillary restrictor, a small orifice restrictor, a diaphragm restrictor, and the like. The compensating element in the constant oil supply flow system has different quantitative pump and quantitative valve compensating elements, and the bearing load-displacement performance is also different. Comparison of load-displacement performance of hydrostatic radial bearings with different compensating elements]) Due to the rotation of the shaft, hydrodynamic pressure is generated on the bearing sealing surface, which is beneficial to improve the bearing capacity of the bearing. This phenomenon is called the dynamic pressure effect, and the higher the speed, the more significant the dynamic pressure effect.
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