May 15 is the national iodine deficiency publicity day. Iodine is an important trace element that maintains the normal operation of the human body. Among them, thyroid hormone that dominates human growth and development must rely on iodine to participate in the synthesis. Gao Shan, director of the Department of Endocrinology at Chaoyang Hospital, pointed out that the impact of iodine on the fetus during pregnancy is even more important.
Female iodine deficiency during pregnancy affects fetal neurodevelopment
Low thyroid levels during pregnancy in women will directly affect the development of the fetal nervous system, leading to fetal brain dysfunction and even premature death. In recent years, medical institutions in some cities in China have realized the seriousness of iodine deficiency during pregnancy and established a relatively complete evasion system. Gao Shan said that from the start of pregnancy, it is necessary to screen the level of thyroid in the body and avoid the risk of pregnancy caused by abnormal thyroid levels. During pregnancy, in order to meet the iodine supply of pregnant women and fetus, but also from the diet to add extra iodine.
Iodine obtained from natural diets does not meet human health requirements, so the population in most parts of the world needs to take iodine from fixed channels. Some countries abroad have added iodine to flour to avoid population iodine deficiency. Considering the dietary characteristics of the population, China added iodine to table salt. Gao Shan said that the amount of iodine in edible salt is added in accordance with the standard of 5 g of edible salt per person per day. Therefore, the intake of iodine in humans does not exceed the standard is based on the premise of eating salt does not exceed the standard. The World Health Organization recommends that pregnant women receive an additional 150 micrograms of iodine daily in addition to iodine from table salt. Gao Shan said that in addition to satisfying her own iodine needs, pregnant women also need to protect the fetus's iodine supply. In the first three months of fetal development, if the mother is suffering from iodine-deficient thyroid disease, the consequences of lack of timely iodine supplementation will directly affect the development of the fetal nervous system and even the death of the child, increasing the risk of low intelligence or malformation after birth.
Thyroxine normal and then pregnant
For pregnant mothers, pre-pregnancy screening for thyroid disease is essential. If the thyroid hormone index is found to be abnormal, pregnant women must seek the help of endocrinologists. By taking drugs to regulate thyroid hormone levels and monitoring them closely during the adjustment period, the indicators will reach a safe level before they become pregnant. After pregnancy, it is still necessary to regularly monitor thyroxine levels so as not to affect the normal development of the fetus. Gao Shan said that the thyroid is an endocrine hormone and iodine-deficiency thyroid disease affects the whole body system of the whole body, such as the nervous system, cardiovascular system, blood system, digestive system, and skin system. The patient will also exhibit a series of symptoms such as memory loss, anemia, poor appetite, dry yellow skin, irregular menstruation, hair loss and so on.
Due to genetic immunity and other reasons, part of the body of iodine deficiency thyroid disease in the mother's body through the placenta into the fetus, resulting in neonatal growth and development may occur in the corresponding thyroid dysfunction. Once the neonatal thyroid disease is found to be timely, but as long as the development of different stages, timely and appropriate doses of iodine and thyroid disease drug treatment, the vast majority of cases will not affect the child's healthy growth. (Reporter Tian Jing)
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