High-yield cultivation techniques for potato film-covered cultivation include selection of drought-resistant varieties, adoption of detoxified varieties, rational farming, and soil storage, scientific fertilization and fertilizer transfer, appropriate sowing, proper close planting, strengthening of field management, timely harvesting, safe storage, etc. Comprehensive cultivation techniques. The technical points are as follows:
1. Select suitable varieties and apply virus-free seed potatoes According to market demand, select high-quality, special-purpose, drought-resistant potato varieties that are suitable for local natural conditions and market demand, and use virus-free seed potatoes.
2. Seed treatment to promote the strong buds select the same level of quality seed potatoes, 20 days before sowing, carefully sorting after cellaring, tile 10cm thick in the warm room at 18 °C ~ 20 °C dark germination 10 days to be young buds When it grows to 0.5~0.7cm, it is treated under scattered light at 12°C for 1 week to make it evenly sensible and to eliminate diseased and infertile potatoes to avoid injury and shoot loss. 50g or so small potato whole potato planting, more than 50g cut sowing. When cutting the seeds, immerse two knives in a one-inch solution of potassium permanganate. Rotate each slice with 1 or 2 buds and weigh 30 to 35 g. Do not cut into strips and slices. After slicing, 100kg of seed potatoes are treated with 4kg of turfgrass, 200g of metalaxyl, 5g of tuber swelling agent, 3.5kg of water, or rare earth dryland 100g, and 10cm thick and flattened, so that the wound will heal and prevent the infection of various bacteria. Face, sowing after 24 hours.
3. Select and deep-seed the sandy loam and light loam with deep soil, good ventilation, moderate water retention and permeability, and avoid the cultivation of wetlands or low-alkali soils where clay and low-lying drainage are poor. It is advisable to use crops such as wheat, beans, and corn in the former crops. It is advisable to avoid cropping and cultivating crops. It is advisable to implement a three-year crop rotation system. After the harvest in autumn and timely deep plowing, the depth of 25 ~ 30cm, after cultivating without smashing, stand soil squatting, to store autumn rain, storage enough diarrhea. Generally, sandy loam can be deep-cultivated, clay should not be deep-cultivated, autumn should be deep and spring plowing should be shallow. Sloping land should be cultivated and planted in accordance with local conditions.
4. Deep base fertilizer before the broadcast of a one-time application of basal fertilizer, fertilization depth of more than 15cm. According to the soil fertility, the general Mushi organic fertilizer 2000 ~ 4000kg, the rational use of special fertilizer or urea, superphosphate, diammonium, potassium sulfate and other fertilizers . The organic fertilizers and fertilizers should be concentrated on the membranes, fertilization, soil treatment, and weeding under the membranes should be completed in order.
5. Before mulching with plastic film, combined with ploughing or soil preparation, the enemy insects kill 1.5~2kg per acre for soil treatment and destroy the soil pests; 100ml of acetochlor per acre sprays 30kg of water on the membrane belt per acre or Weeping for weeding. Choose a superfine film with a width of 70~80cm, a thickness of 0.005mm or 0.006mm. Early filming, early sowing in time, general filming 5 to 7 days before sowing. Every 2cm should be set up a "pressure soil zone" to prevent the wind from uncovering the film.
6. Appropriate planting time for sowing is from late April to mid-May. Using a hole punch specially made by China Agricultural Net, artificial holes are drilled at a predetermined spacing. The hole is 10cm deep and 4~5cm in diameter. Poor soil moisture, dry soil more than 6 ~ 7cm, sit on demand water. Two rows of ridges are used for mulching, with a large row spacing of 66.6 cm and a small row spacing of 33.4 cm. The plant spacing is determined by the planting density, generally 29 to 40 cm, ie 3,500 to 4,500 plants per acre, an area with high precipitation, or a high rainfall of 4000 years. ~ 4500 plants/mu; areas with low precipitation or drought years 3500~4000 plants/mu; short growing period, about 4500 plants with short plants. After sowing, the sowing hole is sealed with fine soil.
7. Strengthen the management of seedlings in the field. Strengthen the membrane protection and prevent the wind from uncovering the membrane. Check the seedlings and plant seedlings in the seedling stage and re-close the sowing holes. Keep the seedlings in order to keep the membrane surface clean and in good condition. Damaged areas, remove the "pressure soil zone" and membrane area soil; tuber enlargement period in time to remove the film, weeding soil, remove the compaction, create good conditions for tuber enlargement. According to seedling conditions and weather conditions, supplement irrigation and top dressing. When the land is not flat, small irrigators are used for irrigation and reasonable use of catchment. After irrigating, it should be done in a timely manner, cut off the soil capillary, reduce the evaporation of water, and promote soil water retention.
8. Prevention of pests and diseases In case of rainy weather, from the end of July to August 20th, metalaxyl, mancozeb, mineradio, antivirus, and DuPont dew will be sprayed every 7 days, and 40% dimethoate will be mixed once. Control locusts and late blight damage. Pay attention to the harm caused by cross pesticide application.
9. Timely Harvest 50% of the stems and leaves can be harvested as the weather conditions progress, avoiding soil wetting and frost.
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