With the advent of summer, the temperature continues to climb, and the chicken body itself does not have sweat glands, so the temperature control ability is poor. The most suitable outside temperature of the chicken body is 18°C～24°C, so when the outside temperature rises above 25°C, the chickens will be in a state of heat stress, which is reflected in the decrease of feed intake, resulting in insufficient nutrient intake and production. The egg rate dropped. However, chickens reduce body temperature by drinking water, and can easily cause diarrhea due to excessive drinking water. To this end, we can reduce summer diarrhea in laying hens through the following nutritional control measures.
Adjusting Dietary Protein Energy Levels During the high-temperature season, the feed intake of the birds decreased, and the dietary nutrient levels could be adjusted according to the decline in feed intake of each breed. However, the traditional approach of increasing dietary nutrient concentrations was not appropriate. The crude protein requirement of laying hens is generally about 16%. Some farmers increase the amount of pods by emphasizing egg weight or eggs one by one, resulting in prolapse and anal absorption due to large eggs, faecal yellow hair, and low feed conversion rate. To solve these problems, we can solve the problem by increasing the energy level of the diet. Specifically, we can increase the energy level by adding oils and fats. We can also reduce feed dust and feed loss. However, fats are easily oxidized and deteriorated, and antioxidants can be appropriately increased. For high-protein diets, protein levels can be appropriately reduced, and amino acid substitution proteins can be used to reduce diarrhea and heat stress.
Controlling salt content in feeds In order to increase protein content, farmers usually choose to add high protein raw materials such as fishmeal. However, fishmeal has high salt content. If formula design is not considered, it will easily lead to excessive salt content in feed and exacerbate diarrhea in laying hens. Therefore, it is very necessary to control the salt content during the summer.
The addition of stone powder should be started gradually in the initial stage. Adding too much stone powder will lead to high blood calcium and heavier kidney burden, causing kidney swelling to lead to diarrhea. Therefore, the increase of stone powder must be gradual. As the egg production rate increases, the proportion of stone powder is gradually increased, and the increase rate is controlled at an increase of 0.5% to 1% per week.
Maintain the proper level of crude fiber in the feed. During the laying period, a small amount of bran must be contained in the diet to provide crude fiber and prevent the occurrence of earthworms. In the general formula, about 2% of the amount is added, but it should not be too much. Using too much on the one hand dilutes the nutrient concentration of the feed, and at the same time, it can easily cause the feces to be unshaped and divergence.
Prevention and control of mycotoxin harm Summer weather is hot and the humidity is high. The raw materials in the feed, such as corn, are prone to mildew and further produce mycotoxins. The mold and mycotoxins will reduce the body's immunity and damage the intestinal mucosa of laying hens. Increased permeability causes diarrhea. The addition of fungicide and mold adsorbent to the feed can guarantee the safety of laying hens to a certain extent, so as to better deal with the hazards of heat stress, but it is more important to pay attention to the storage conditions of the feed and avoid darkness and heat. Use it as soon as possible.
Adding anti-stress substances to relieve heat stress damage Summer temperatures increase, the chance of heat stress induced diarrhea is greatly increased, therefore, taking appropriate anti-heat stress measures will also reduce the risk of diarrhea to some extent.
Vitamin C Vitamin C is the most reported anti-heat stress additive at home and abroad. It can reduce the death caused by heat stress and increase the egg production rate. Vitamin E has the function of protecting cell membrane, preventing oxidation and improving immunity. It has a certain effect on the prevention of heat stress; B vitamins also have a role in relieving heat stress, increasing growth rate, increasing egg weight and egg production.
The addition of baking soda baking soda (NaHCO3) can adjust the acid-base balance of laying hens, especially in the hot summer. Chickens accelerate their breathing in order to expel excess calories from the body, resulting in excessive CO2 excretion and a decrease in carbonates in the blood. Therefore, the main component of the eggshell, calcium carbonate, is not fully guaranteed, resulting in a decrease in the quality of egg shells, and the probability of production of soft shelled eggs and thin preserved eggs is greatly increased. In this case, carbonate ions can be supplemented by adding baking soda to increase egg production rate and effectively improve eggshell quality.
The above methods for reducing layer diarrhea in laying hens are limited to nutrition regulation. What is more important is to create a comfortable feeding environment for the chickens while ensuring that feed nutrition is comprehensive and balanced so that it can exert its best production performance.
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