Orchard grass includes natural grass and artificial grass. Natural weeds refer to the preservation of benign weeds in the orchard and eradication of vicious weeds. Artificial planting refers to the sowing of leguminous or gramineous plants in the orchard and regular cutting. The cut stalk covers the ground, allowing it to rot and decompose naturally, thereby improving the soil structure of the orchard. It is one of the most effective technical measures to develop water-saving agriculture, self-sufficiently solve the source of fertilizers, improve labor efficiency, and improve the orchard's ecological environment.
Orchard has the benefits of grass
Orchard grass cultivation has a strong ecological regulation. Firstly, planting grasses such as white clover plants in orchards has good nitrogen fixation, can increase soil organic matter content, produce grass roots and soil, form a stable aggregate structure, thereby improving soil physical and chemical properties, and enhancing soil water retention and water permeability. . Secondly, the orchard surface covered with grass layer, which reduces the temperature range of the ground and surface soil layer, can reduce the temperature of surface soil in summer by 6~14°C, increase the surface temperature in winter by 2~3°C, and promote the development of fruit tree root system.
In addition, grass orchards in the orchard can create suitable habitats and living environments for the breeding of natural enemies, increasing the types and numbers of natural enemies.
Which grass species can be selected
Orchard grass cultivation is an advanced orchard soil management and ecological environment regulation method. It has been widely used in the developed countries of fruit production, but it is still in the experimental and small-scale application stage in China.
The selection of grass species should follow the principles of cold resistance, drought tolerance, negative resistance, resistance to trampling, fibrous roots, and ecological compatibility. Orchard grasses are generally leguminous, such as white clover, alfalfa, lotus root, milk vetch, mung bean, black bean, sand wangwang, hairy wolfberry, etc.; grasses such as ryegrass, bluegrass, dung beech grass Wild oats and so on. In general, an orchard sows a kind of pasture, which can also be mixed with grass and leguminous grasses.
Artificial grass can't just grow without cutting
Orchard grass is divided into whole garden grass, inter-row grass and inter-plant grass. In mature orchard orchards with thick soil and fertile soil, the entire garden should be planted with grass; in soils with poor soil or saplings, grasses should be allowed to grow between the rows, and the plants can be ploughed. The annual orchard with less than 500 mm of precipitation and no irrigation conditions should not grow grass. It is not appropriate to plant grass in highly dense orchards.
After the artificially grown grass grows, it must be cut in time. Cut 2 to 5 times a year, cover the cut grass in the tree tray, start to retain water, then gradually rot into fat. After 3 to 5 years of grass growth, the grass begins to age. At this time, it should be turned over in time and attention should be paid to turning the surface organic matter into the soil.
Natural grass orchards should pay attention to controlling the height of grass. Individual weeds should be eradicated in time or eliminated with herbicides. In addition, the grass orchards in the orchard need to be equipped with related green pest control techniques in order to function better.
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