Huangshan Maofeng belongs to green tea and is produced in the Huangshan area of ​​Anhui Province. Therefore, it is also called Huicha. It is one of the top ten famous teas in China. So how is Huangshan Maofeng planted?
I. Technical points for selection of clean mountain planting bases in Huangshan Maofeng
The choice of base should meet China's atmospheric environmental quality requirements, water quality requirements, and soil environmental requirements. Among them, the soil fertility should exceed the medium average level, the specific indicators are: N element content exceeds 90mg/kg, K element content exceeds 80mg/kg, and P element content exceeds 10mg/kg. For strict land selection, the climate of the tea garden must be suitable. The annual average temperature of the tea garden should exceed 12 ° C. The annual precipitation should be 1800 mm, the pH of the soil should be about 5.5, and the overall thickness of the soil should be about 1 m. The Huangshan Maofeng Tea Garden should be planned in a unified manner, especially the drainage irrigation system should be rationally designed.
Second, Huangshan Maofeng clean planting tea planting techniques
Fine varieties should be selected, and clones should be selected from the Huangshan Maofeng varieties. The planting specifications should be reasonably determined, and the row spacing should be controlled at about 1.5m. Under normal circumstances, it should be controlled at 70,000 plants/hm2. The planting method should choose to use double planting. For the consolidation of the land, trenching should be carried out according to the large row spacing. The depth of each trench should be controlled to about 0.6m. There should be no stones and other impurities in the trench. Transplanting seedlings. The seedlings of Huangshan Maofeng should be transplanted during the dormant period. Before transplanting, it should be selected under appropriate conditions, and if it is in a cold or dry state, it cannot be transplanted. Before the transplanting of Huangshan Maofeng tea seedlings, the base fertilizer should be applied adequately. If the main root of the tea seedling is long, it should be cut short. Before inserting the seedlings, the entire nursery should be thoroughly watered 24 hours in advance to reduce the occurrence of wounds. During the transplanting process, the tea roots should be ensured as much as possible. After transplanting, the cutting should be carried out. Do a good job in the prevention and control of pests and diseases. In this process, because the growth environment of seedlings before and after transplanting varies greatly, the resistance to pests and diseases is poor. Therefore, the prevention and control of pests and diseases should be enhanced at this link.
Third, Huangshan Maofeng clean planting and pruning technical points
The seedling tea tree is shaped and trimmed, and the shaping pruning usually takes 3 times to achieve the effect. The seedling height is 30 cm; the 2nd and 3rd pruning should be 1a. At the same time, in the process of pruning, it should be ensured that the survival rate of tea trees can be enhanced and the seedlings of tea seedlings can be promoted. After the second pruning, you can pick a famous tea. After three trimmings, the skeleton of the entire Huangshan Maofeng tea tree was formed. During the entire cutting process, the entire Huangshan Maofeng canopy should be curved.
When the Huangshan Maofeng tea tree is formed, it is aged. In the age of trimming, it can be divided into two ways: light trimming and deep trimming. Light pruning should be carried out every year. If the Huangshan Maofeng tea tree grows very well, it can be trimmed once every 2a. The deep pruning is mainly used in the case where the crown of the tea tree of Huangfeng Maofeng is higher, and the excessively high peak of the Huangshan Maofeng tea tree can increase its yield by deep pruning.
Fourth, the main points of clean cultivation and cultivation techniques in Huangshan Maofeng
Shallow ploughing and shallow ploughing usually require about 4 times a year, and the depth of cultivation is usually about 8 cm. The root system cannot be damaged during the whole process, and the factors such as topography, soil and climate need to be considered. Under normal circumstances, in the summer should be more shallow, the number of shallow tillage in the fall should be relatively reduced. In the process of shallow tillage, it is also necessary to cooperate with related operations such as deworming.
Deep ploughing, when deep ploughing, you can take one deep ploughing every 2 years, or you can choose to use interlacing for round farming. In order to effectively protect the root system throughout the process, you should choose to use interlacing. In order to achieve better results, it can also be implemented at the same time as the construction of the tree.
V. Main points of clean cultivation and fertilization techniques for Huangshan Maofeng
Base fertilizer, for the choice of base fertilizer, should choose to fertilize between September and October each year. Topdressing, when applying topdressing to Huangshan Maofeng tea tree, you should choose to use nitrogen fertilizer, and also need to apply a certain amount of phosphate fertilizer and potassium fertilizer. The ratio between the three should be controlled at 4:1:1. Fertilization position, usually should be selected in the vertical position of the canopy of the tea tree, the distance between the rhizome and the fertilization point should be reasonably controlled, usually, with the increase of the age of Huangshan Maofeng tea tree. The depth of fertilization, usually, if the Huangshan Maofeng tea tree grows 1a or 2a, its depth is about 20cm, and for 4a or more it is 25cm or more. The comprehensive utilization of biogas fertility has a quick-acting property and can be used as a top dressing; the biogas residue has a late-acting property and should be used as a base fertilizer. The application of organic fertilizers with reasonable fertilization methods can reduce costs and improve fertilizer utilization efficiency. According to the characteristics of fertilizers, it is mainly applied by means of strip application, point application, drenching, and foliar application.
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