Researchers around the world are developing surgical robots to address those that are often invasive and time consuming. Whether it is eye surgery or finding venous blood collection, it can be a daunting task for medical staff, but if these operations are carried out by robots, it will be very easy, just like robot Da Vinci peeling the skin and then It's as simple as splicing them together.
The MedicalDesign website recently counted six surgical robots that are revolutionizing surgery and healthcare , including robots that easily locate veins and blood collection, and suture robots that suture soft tissue at a speed 50 times the standard suture procedure.
1, retinal surgery robot
Robert MacLaren, an ophthalmology professor at Oxford University, and Thomas Edwards, a medical researcher at Nuffield, used a remotely controlled robot to perform an eye surgery that lifts the inner retina of the eye wall to a thickness of only one-thousandth of a millimeter and a transparent retina.
The robot is a machine retina dissector (R2D2) that operates in the eye through a small hole less than 1 mm in diameter. This hole allows the R2D2 to enter and exit the eye throughout the procedure, regardless of whether the eye is turning or not.
Like a robot, the robot uses seven independent computer-controlled motors to move precisely within a thousandth of a millimeter. The ophthalmologist uses a joystick and a touch screen to control the robot and monitor the progress of the surgery through a surgical microscope.
2, cochlear implant robot
According to the University of Berne University in Switzerland, surgeons at the University School of Medicine and engineers at the ARTORG Biomedical Engineering Research Center have invented a cochlear implant robot that can perform surgical procedures that are difficult for surgeons to perform manually.
When performing cochlear implants, the surgeon usually has to establish an access point behind the ear through the skull. Then, an electrode that bridges the damaged portion of the inner ear to restore hearing enters the cochlea through the access point, all of which is done manually.
The researchers noted that surgical planning software and a robotic drill bit can be used to create a channel about 2.5 mm in diameter that allows straight access to the cochlea. The researchers said the hole was minimally invasive and left a safe distance between the facial nerve and the tympanic nerve for cochlear implantation.
By using three interlocking safety components, this robotic drill bit can be safely drilled into the human ear to avoid damage to nerves and microstructure. Stefan Weber, a member of the ARTORG Biomedical Engineering Research Center, says robots rely on multiple sensors that are high-precision optical tracking systems, a resistance sensor for "perceiving" bone texture during drilling, and a radar-like nerve stimulation probe. In this way, the robot can calculate whether the drill bit is on a predetermined orbit by emitting a small electrical pulse to the bone.
The surgeon is always aware of where the robotic drill bit is and can safely control the drill bit. Head and neck surgeon Marco Caversaccio said that our findings are very encouraging and we have now solved many of the challenges of using robots for cochlear implant surgery.
The researchers said the robot was able to perform a surgery that the surgeon could not perform without robot assistance. They hope to further develop robots for delivering drugs to the inner ear.
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