June is the kiwifruit fruit enlargement period, which is also the second peak of need fertilizer and the most serious pest and disease hazard. It is very important to seize this month's management. Management contents, fruit thinning and fruiting, applying fruit enlargement and fertilizer, prevention and control of diseases and pests (mainly controlling alfalfa, plagioclase, oriental salivation, brown spot, etc.), irrigation, and weed management.
Kiwi orchard management key points in June
1, timely fruit thinning fruit: fruit thinning set. First of all, sparsely pollinated fertilized fruit, flat fruit, wounded fruit, small fruit, and harmful fruits of pests and diseases should be sparsely pollinated, while the normal fruits with thick and well-developed stems and stems should be retained; then the fruit quantity should be adjusted according to the results of the branches, Xu Xiang, Hayward and other large fruit varieties, grow strong fruiting branches to retain 4 to 5 fruit, the results of the golden mean to leave 2 to 3 fruit, short fruit branch to stay 1 fruit; at the same time pay attention to control the amount of fruit in the whole tree, strains The delicious kiwifruit garden with a spacing of 3.4 meters is about 400 to 450 pieces per plant, about 100 grams of fruit weight, and the yield per mu is controlled at 2250 kg; Chinese kiwifruit garden with row spacing of 2 meters and 3 meters, such as Hongyang, Shandan The number of strains of fruit is about 100 to 150, the weight of single fruit is about 70 grams, and the yield per mu is controlled at 750 to 1000 kg. Huayou, early gold yield control of 1500kg or so.
2, top dressing: top-dressing big fertilizer. During the period of fruit cell division (late May to early June), medium-nitrogen, high-phosphorus, and low-potassium compound fertilizers were applied at a ratio of (N 18%: P (P205) 25%: K (K2O) 10%). In addition, 100 kg of compound fertilizer and 50 kg of fermented oil residue are applied per acre.
3. Irrigation: June is the critical period of water requirement for kiwifruit. Water supply must be ensured to meet the growth of kiwi fruit. According to the soil moisture content, irrigation should be timely and the water and fertilizer should be integrated and fertilized. Irrigation should be avoided at midday, otherwise the ground temperature will rapidly decrease, causing the trees to wilt.
4. Prevention and control of diseases and pests: After controlling the diseases and insect pests such as brown spot, gray mold, low salaried armor, stink bug, red spider, etc., 40% Fuxing 8000x + 2.5% lambda-cyhalothrin 2500 times can be used ( Insecticides and fungicides are selected according to the occurrence of pests and diseases). To carry out biological control, in the middle and late June of each fruit period, the kiwifruit tree hung a bag of predatory mites to prevent and control the damage of red spiders.
5. Biological control: In the middle and late June, the whole park artificially releases predatory mites and controls red spiders. In general, each kiwifruit can be hung with a bag and hung on branches and branches.
6. Science Summer Shear: Improve the canopy's permeability, increase the degree of fruit's light and heat, and provide conditions for fruit development and later dry matter accumulation and tree flower bud differentiation.
Wiping buds: Eradication of buds with improper position.
Thinning: Remove vegetative shoots that are not used, and branches that are too dense and fruitless.
Twisting, short cutting or topping: For some of the more prosperous branches, twisting and short cutting can be used to slow the vegetative growth. When the rest of the branches are bent at the top, the heart is topping and the entanglement is reduced.
Pay attention to the situation of falling fruit, and take leave of the park in due course to avoid breeding germs.
7. Weed Management: When the grass or weed grows in the orchard more than 30cm, it will remain cut, generally 10cm will be left, and the cut grass will be covered on the tree tray to remove the weeds in time to keep the orchard moist and cool. Prevent high temperature burns.
8. Foliar spray fertilizer: After 6 months, spraying foliar fertilizer once every 10-15 days, alternately using biogas slurry, rare earth microelement fertilizer, organosilicon fertilizer, etc. to enhance the photosynthetic efficiency of leaves and promote the formation of fruit dry matter. Increase sugar, harden, and increase color.
9. New Grafting Garden Management: The new grafted varieties have been sent to the shelf at this time. They are short-cut at 30 cm below the shelf. They are selected to leave the top two vegetative branches separated by a galvanized iron wire from the middle of the rack in a “Y†shape. 25 to 30 centimeters are tied and cultivated into two main vines. When the two vines grow to more than 10 centimeters, then the main vines are tied to the steel wire and the two main vines are spliced ​​at the docking station. The vines are spaced 15 cm apart so that the development branches that are sent out will be too close to each other. Send out other sprouts under the shelf, and new shoots should be removed promptly so as not to affect the growth of the two main vines. In addition, according to soil moisture and growth, timely application of compound fertilizer, lifting the grafting of the membrane.
10. Anti-Japanese Burning, Wind Damage: The temperature in June will gradually increase. The dry hot wind will cause excessive water loss in the kiwifruit. The new shoots, leaves, and fruit will wilt. Can take orchard irrigation or water, fruit trees during the sapling period intercropping or grass, weeds cover the tree plate, the appropriate picking of the new shoots, shade covered nets and other measures to prevent dry hot wind disaster. In addition, direct sun exposure can cause sunburn. The fruit can be shaded in bags to reduce the incidence of sunburn and increase the fruit rate.
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