How to achieve high yield of eggplant cultivation? Is it right if you have done the whole pruning and going to the old leaves? This is not the case. There are still many links in the high-yield eggplant that need the growers to do well. Eggplant is a warm vegetable, and the suitable temperature is between 25 ° C and 30 ° C. That is to say, as long as the temperature is suitable, eggplant can also be produced in different seasons.
First, nursery
Soaking seeds
This step is also very critical. First, the seed should be placed in warm water at 55 degrees Celsius. The amount of water must be five to six times the amount of the seed, and it must be stirred constantly, so that the water temperature of 55 degrees is maintained for about ten minutes to fifteen minutes. Then soak for 8 to 12 hours in the slowly falling water temperature.
Note that the seed coat of eggplant is thicker and it is very difficult to absorb water. It must be fully fermented beforehand. The seeds are first washed with 0, 2-0, 5% lye, then washed repeatedly with water and then soaked. (The surface is free of mucus)
There are also many places to pay attention to during soaking, such as changing water every 5 to 8 hours. When the seeds are fully absorbed, rinse them out with water, then wrap them in a multi-layered damp cloth or burlap cloth, place them in a container and place them in a warm environment for germination.
In the previous article, we have mentioned the appropriate temperature for eggplant results. The germination temperature of eggplant is similar, generally between 25 and 35 degrees. In order to promote the uniformity of seed germination, variable temperature germination can be adopted.
2. Sowing
Eggplant growth requires higher temperatures, and the greenhouse is best sown with a seed box. This method can be moved at will, making it easy to adjust temperature and light. First, lay a layer of 3 cm thick nutrient soil in the seeding box; pour the first water into the water. After the water seeps down, sprinkle a layer of fine soil, spread or ditch the seed, and cover 1 cm thick fine soil after sowing. Cover the plastic film and remove the seeds when they are unearthed.
3. Seedling management
After sowing, the room temperature is required to be 25-30 ° C, the light is even, and the seedlings emerge after 5-6 days. After 80% of the young shoots are unearthed, the room temperature is lowered to 20-25 °C during the day and 20 °C at night. When the temperature exceeds 28 °C, the ventilation should not be too large. When the room temperature drops to about 20 °C, the air release is stopped. When the cotyledons have been unfolded, the first true leaf tip can be raised at room temperature by 25-27 ° C during the day, 16-18 ° C at night, and ground temperature of 18-20 ° C to promote the smooth growth of the true leaves until transplantation.
Under the condition of sufficient soil water, the growth and development of eggplant is good. When the water is insufficient, the flower bud differentiation is late, the result period is postponed, and the early stage yield is decreased. Before the eggplant is sown and transplanted, the bottom water must be poured into the foot. Later, according to the growth of the seedling, the water should be properly added to meet the growth requirements. Eggplant seedlings have strict requirements on light conditions, and sufficient light is not only conducive to flower bud differentiation, but also enables seedling growth and development to proceed smoothly. When the light is insufficient, the flower buds are differentiated late, the seedlings are long and the deformed flowers appear, which directly affects the formation of yield. In order to improve the lighting conditions, the nursery box can be tilted south to gain light. Increase the area of ​​the nutrition paper bag for transplantation, the discharge density is reasonable, and it also has the effect of improving the light conditions.
4. Transplant
Eggplant root regeneration ability is poor, new roots are difficult to occur, generally only in the seedlings 2-3 true leaves, flower bud differentiation has not yet begun when transplanted into the nutrition paper bag. The use of nutrient paper bag seedlings is a better way to protect the roots of eggplants. Only when adding nutrient soil, pay more attention to adding some nitrogen fertilizer. The water in the nutrition paper bag is poured 1-2 days before the transplant, and the bottom of the paper bag is wet. At the time of transplantation, the seedlings are shaken out of the loose soil in the seeding box, and the roots are placed in a nutrition paper bag, and are not bent. When the eggplant is planted, the standard of the seedling is: the seedling height is 18-20 cm, 6-7 leaves, the stem is more than 70% bud, the stem is thick, purple, and the root system is developed.
Second, colonization
1. Before planting, apply 5,000 kilograms of base fertilizer to the base. After deep ploughing, make a high ridge with a width of 60-65 cm and a height of 15 cm. Then open two shallow ditch on the ridge and pour the bottom water. After the water has permeated, it is planted according to the plant spacing of 30-40 cm, and then the soil is sealed from the middle of the two shallow ditch on the high ridge. The depth of planting should be equal to the nursery and the surface. A total of 3000-4000 plants are planted in acres.
2. The planting time should choose the warming period just after the cold current. According to the law of northern climatic conditions, the selection of this planting period can ensure that the fine weather is maintained within 3-5 days after the seedlings are planted, which helps to slow down the seedlings. The day of planting should be carried out at a high temperature of 10-14 hours.
Third, field management
1. The biggest difficulty after the eggplant is planted is the lack of ground temperature, so it is necessary to strengthen the cold insulation during the low temperature season after planting. 7-10 days after planting, keep room temperature above 30 °C, in order to increase the ground temperature, add night temperature, and slow down the seedlings as soon as possible. And try to keep the ground temperature stable at 16-18 °C. After the slow seedling period, the plants begin to grow normally, and every day, attention should be paid to revealing the light. If the light is insufficient, it is easy to cause falling flowers.
After the seedlings are opened, the eggplant flowers are open and enter the result period. At this time, attention should be paid to adjusting the balance between vegetative growth and reproductive growth. The room temperature is lowered to 25-30 °C during the day and 15-17 °C during the night, so that the eggplant can be flowered. It can be lush foliage. When the room temperature exceeds 25 °C, the amount of air is released, the excess moisture in the room is eliminated, the carbon dioxide content is increased, the light intensity is increased, and the falling flower is reduced. Even on a cloudy day, we must insist on proper air release, but we must pay special attention to the amount of air released and the time of release.
2. After the eggplant is planted and poured, the water is no longer watered until the eggplant is flowering, until the eggplant is generally 3 cm long, and then watering and fertilizing. The amount of fertilizer in the first time can be larger, 10-20 kg of ammonium sulfate or 1000 kg of manure. When the eggplant begins to expand, the second fertilizer water is given, and after 10-15 days, the fertilizer water is poured once, and the result is that there is no shortage of water and fat in the middle and late stages.
3. Eggplant is a hi-light crop, but the natural light in the winter greenhouse is difficult to meet the needs of the sun, causing the plant to grow long and short stigma flowers, causing fruit malformation. Therefore, in addition to cleaning the greenhouse roof every day, it is necessary to hang a reflective curtain to reduce the rear lighting gap in the greenhouse and increase the light intensity.
4. 2-3 days before the opening of the eggplant, use 25-30ppm2, 4-4 to apply the fruit handle, or spray the flower, only one time per flower, can not be repeated, can not spill the liquid on the leaves.
5. Pruning in time to improve the ventilation and light transmission conditions. After the eggplant is inflated, the germinated side branches and the lower old leaves are removed, and the second fruit (the eggplant) is also wiped off.
6. The result is to increase the amount of fertilizer and water in the prime period. Generally, water is poured once every 7-10 days, and the fertilizer and organic fertilizer are used alternately. At the same time, increase the amount of ventilation to meet the needs of photosynthesis and promote fruit ripening.
Fourth, harvest
When the solanaceous fruit is fully inflated and the fruit slowly appears purple, it can begin to be harvested. The method of picking is generally performed from the end of the stem of the eggplant.
The above is the cultivation method of eggplant. Recently, Hui Nong.com has published a lot of eggplant planting techniques for everyone. If you think this is not suitable for you, you can go to Hui Nong.
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