Recently, the northern region ushered in strong convective weather after high temperature, and there was widespread rainfall. At this time, the farmers generally carried out the management of fertilizer and water during the tillering period. The control measures during this period have an important connection with the lodging of rice. Xiao Bian reminds the grain farmers to pay attention to the management of fertilizer and water during the tillering period to avoid lodging.
1. What types of rice lodging are there?
Rice lodging is also known as the armpits. They are all similar. They are generally divided into three types: roots, stems, and stems.
Second, what are the reasons for rice lodging?
1, the sun is not timely (too late), the sun is not in place, the root system can not be well tied, after the water, the soil is relatively soft, causing the root system is not strong, easy to fall.
2, improper management of the water layer, rice in the long-term state of deep water and flooding, resulting in soft stems, too long basal internodes, root hypoxia resistance decreased. The content of various harmful gases and toxic substances increases, which tends to cause the base of the stem to rot, and the supporting ability is weakened, causing lodging.
3, the population density is too large, forming a field of canopy, light growth, deep depth of transplanting, high points of tillering, longevity, easy to fall.
4. Fertilization is unreasonable. The main reason is excessive nitrogen fertilizer. The application of nitrogen fertilizer is too late, the proportion of fertilization is not balanced, the growth of seedlings is intensified, the stems are weak, and the resistance is easy to fall.
5, pests and diseases, rice blast, sheath blight, panicle neck can cause damage to rice stems, the occurrence of branch stems can cause rice ears to break and reduce production. Some rice pests, such as Chilo suppressalis, can cause stalk damage, cause lodging, excessive weeds and rice, fight for fat, glory, and cause an increase in length.
6, natural environmental impact, extreme weather, heavy storms, blowing down rice, will cause large areas of lodging, the other layer of high peat content, poor solidity is also a cause of lodging.
Third, how to prevent rice from lodging?
1, learn Shaitian: At the end of tillering to panicle initiation before, it is timely Shaitian, improve aerobic capacity roots, avoid soft soil, mud stuck to the foot does not prevail, promote decomposition of manure, to the pro-under control, inhibition ineffective tillers, so deep rooted rice, improving lodging resistance.
2, strengthen the management of the water layer: in the various growth stages of rice, to do shallow water diligent irrigation, the implementation of shallow wet dry intermittent irrigation; (shallow water, moist, natural dry) can be properly deepened at the booting stage; after heading continue to maintain the shallow ground irrigation.
3. Reasonable close planting: Coordinating the relationship between individuals and groups, the planting density is too large, and there are many opportunities for lodging, especially for direct seeding rice fields. It is necessary to grasp the seeding rate and the number of seedlings in the field to be no more than 25-30 per hole.
4, reasonable fertilization: nitrogen fertilizer must not be too much (according to the previous years, the amount of fertilization recommended to be divided) according to the rice fertility cycle fertilizer requirements, base fertilizer, manure fertilizer, panicle fertilizer, which should pay attention to the coordination of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium Conditional biological bacterial fertilizer should also keep up, and use silicon fertilizer to enhance the lodging resistance of rice. It can also use rice control agent to shorten the internode length of stem base, reduce plant height and make stems before rice tillering stage to jointing stage. The stalk is thick and the root system is developed.
5, the prevention and control of pests and diseases: in accordance with the conditions of the past years, the prevention of comprehensive prevention and control, to prevent damage.
6. Pay attention to the weather forecast: pay close attention to the weather conditions. When the rainstorm comes, it is necessary to ditch the drainage, so that the mud is not soft, and observe in real time. If there is lodging, it can be artificially raised, and 2-3 蔸 straw is tied into a bundle. .
In actual planting, rice lodging is often caused by many reasons, so Huinongwang Xiaobian suggested comprehensive management, comprehensive prevention, rice does not fall, and basically our high yield is not far away.
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