Farmers all know that the management of almost all fruit trees emphasizes ventilation and light transmission, but to explain why, it is not the same. Some people may say that they have all written on the book. Some people say that for the sake of fruit coloring and illness, there is no agreement. Then, what are the reasons for requiring the air ventilation of fruit trees? I talked about my understanding of the basic knowledge of fruit tree growth and development.
The management of fruit trees requires three major advantages for ventilation and light transmission: the first to increase production, the second to improve quality, and the third to increase resistance to disease. what is the reason? This starts with the growth and development of plants.
The growth of a large tree from a single seed cannot be separated from two physiological processes. It is the photosynthesis and respiration of plants. After the seeds are sowed in the soil, under the proper conditions of moisture, temperature and oxygen, the respiration begins to thrive, and the organic matters (proteins, sugars, fats, etc.) in the seeds are decomposed and transformed, and the energy is released to promote the seeds to germinate. Such small seedlings drilled out of the ground, grow green leaves, photosynthesis began to carry out, the water and carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, through the sun to provide energy, converted to organic matter stored, while the light energy into chemical energy stored in organic matter. Organic matter can also be transformed through respiration, and the stored energy can be released to supply fruit trees for further branching, rooting, and fruiting.
From this process it can be seen that only organic matter accumulated by photosynthesis is greater than the amount of organic matter consumed by respiration, which is meaningful for fruit tree production. The fruit that people harvest is the organic matter accumulated by photosynthesis. That is to say, only the smoother the photosynthesis is, the higher the photosynthetic efficiency is, the more organic matter is accumulated, the yield will be higher, the quality will be better, and the resistance to disease The stronger it is.
The factors affecting photosynthesis include light intensity, carbon dioxide concentration, temperature, moisture, and some mineral elements. The most important ones are light and carbon dioxide. Within a certain range, the better the light conditions, the higher the carbon dioxide concentration, and the higher the photosynthesis efficiency, the more organic matter is accumulated. In the fruit tree cultivation, by selecting the appropriate density and cultivating the tree with high light efficiency to achieve the effect of ventilation and light transmission, and reducing canopy closure, the time for photosynthesis of each leaf can be increased, the photosynthetic efficiency can be improved, and the consumption of organic matter without light branches can be reduced. Accumulate more organic matter. At the same time, due to the good air flow around the tree, it is possible to prevent photosynthetic efficiency from being reduced due to insufficient carbon dioxide concentration in the tree due to the large amount of carbon dioxide absorbed by photosynthesis. In this way, fruit trees can achieve a proper proportion of nutrient accumulation and consumption, so that fruit trees and long trees are correct.
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