There are many interplanting models, the purpose is to make rational use of land resources and improve their own income. Today we are going to learn about the cultivation techniques of watermelon interplanting sweet potatoes, and see what different benefits these two crops will produce together.
1 watermelon land selection
The watermelons are not repeated for continuous cropping, nor can they be used in combination with cucumber, melon, zucchini and other melon crops to prevent the occurrence of blight. Generally, the rotation should be 7-8 years or more. It is advisable to select plots with deep soil layers, loose texture, good drainage, and better irrigation conditions. Wheat, corn, pepper, industrial tomatoes and cotton can be used as the front.
2 Fertilization
2.1 Land preparation
Spring sowing the melon field, before the winter, the machine should be ploughed 20 to 30 cm deep, and only cultivated. In the early spring, the discretion of the fine, and then digging according to the cultivation method.
2.2 Applying base fertilizer
For every 667m2, 3 000 kg of high-quality manure, 25 to 30 kg of three materials and 10 to 15 kg of potassium sulfate can be applied.
2.3 Watering
2 to 3 days before sowing, watering the ditch, the amount of water should be poured as appropriate, not excessive.
3 Seed selection and seed treatment
3.1 Varieties
Xinyou, Hongyou and Annong 2 are generally used.
3.2 Seed disinfection
Take warm soup soaking and disinfection of the medicine.
4 sowing
4.1 Sowing date
The standard for sowing in the open field is 10 cm. The ground temperature is stable above 15 °C, generally on April 15-20. If the single membrane is flat, it can be sown for 2 to 3 days.
4.2 Planting density
It varies depending on the variety, cultivation method, management level, soil fertility and other conditions. The general density is about 1000 plants/667 m2.
4.3 Seeding method
Use the ditch to order.
5 Field management
5.1 Seedling management
Focusing on the preservation of seedlings and the cultivation of strong seedlings, the management of different cultivation methods has different focuses.
5.2 top dressing
The amount of topdressing should be determined according to the law of watermelon absorption. During the accelerated vine harvesting stage, urea should be applied 15 kg/667 m 2 ; the result period is high-speed absorption stage, and urea should be applied 20 kg/667 m2.
5.3 Watering
According to the water requirements of different growth stages of watermelon and soil moisture, timely watering.
5.4 Pruning
5.4.1 Pruning
The axillary bud of watermelon is very strong, and it is easy to form multiple branches, which consumes a lot of nutrients and needs proper pruning. The pruning method is a single vine, which should be cultivated in the open field, and the pruning can be started when the faucet is used.
5.4.2 Pressure vine
Divided into clear pressure and dark pressure. The pressure is pressed between the vines by the clods, and the dark pressure is to bury the section of the vines into the soil.
5.5 Fruit Management
5.5.1 Fruit Festival
The ideal fruit setting is the second and third female flowers on the main vine.
5.5.2 Number of melons left
Generally, one plant leaves a melon and is strong.
6 Main types of watermelon diseases
1 seedling disease: rickets, blight; 2 stem diseases: blight, sclerotinia, etc.; 3 leaf diseases: anthracnose, leaf blight; 4 fruit diseases: anthracnose, blight, cotton rot .
7 maturity and harvest
The sign of ripening watermelon is the seed. The melon should present the unique color of the variety, the seed shell becomes hard, and the fruit maturity is the main aspect to measure the quality of the watermelon.
8 sweet potato cultivation techniques
8.1 Transplanting
In early May, 2 000 sweet potato seedlings were planted in the middle of two watermelon seedlings/667 m 2 .
8.2 Fertilization
Sweet potato is a potassium-producing crop. The requirements for nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are 2:1:3. It is better to use the basic fertilizer and the principle of heavy application of potassium fertilizer. According to the fertilizer requirement and production test of sweet potato, the high-yield field of fresh potato 3000kg/667m2 is required to apply 3000~4 000 kg of composting fertilizer per 667m2, and 30~40 kg of sweet potato special formula fertilizer with 30% N, P and K content. As a base fertilizer. The base fertilizer is applied during ploughing, such as flat work, and is applied during tillage. The top dressing is applied twice, and after the transplanting becomes alive, the new vine grows 5~10cm, and the seedling fertilizer is applied. The urea is applied 5~7 kg/667m2, and it is drenched with water. 50 to 60 days after transplanting, 10 kg of 30% sweet potato special fertilizer and 5 kg of potassium sulfate per 667 m2 were combined with the middle tillage.
8.3 Comprehensive prevention and control of pests and diseases
The main diseases of sweet potato include black spot, root rot and yam. The main control measures are based on the selection of resistant varieties, paying attention to reasonable rotation, and the diseased plants should be removed in time and drenched with 1 000 times of diclosan. . The seedlings were disinfected, and the seedlings were soaked with carbendazim or thiophanate 300-600 times for 2 h before planting. When the above-mentioned diseases occur in the potato seedlings, the control is carried out by spraying 600 times of chlorothalonil, thiophanate or carbendazim.
The sweet potato pests mainly include earth tigers, leaf curlers, and Spodoptera litura. Insect control technology includes: 1 seedling disinfection. Seeds were planted with 300 times trichlorfon and 300 times carbendazim simultaneously for 2 h. 2 Foliar application of insecticide. When the pests in the field are serious, it can be controlled by 2.5% enemy killing 500 times liquid, pay attention to eliminate the weeds in the field.
8.4 Drought prevention and drought resistance
On the basis of timely and early insertion, it is necessary to catch the seedling fertilizer early, promote the potato vines to fill the field early, and improve the drought resistance; secondly, do the cultivating and prevent soil compaction before the potato vines are filled; the third is not to turn over the vines, not to mention Vine; Fourth, where there are conditions, in the case of severe drought, you can run horse water in the morning or evening.
8.5 Timely harvest
The roots of sweet potato harvest are asexual vegetative, with no obvious signs of maturity, and the harvest period is mainly determined by temperature. Generally, the harvest begins when the local average temperature drops to around 15 °C. Jixian County generally harvests before the first half of the first half of October. The harvest is too early, the root enlargement time is shortened, the yield and the flour extraction rate are low, and the potato pieces harvested at a higher temperature are likely to cause “burning†and cannot be safely stored; the harvest is too late, and the low temperature influence reduces the starch content of the potato pieces, so that The sugar content is increased, and the powder yield and storability are lowered.
The above is all the technical content of watermelon seedling sweet potato. Have you learned anything since you saw it? You can share your own experience.
Guangdong Widinlsa International Co.Ltd , https://www.guangdongwidinlsa.com