Yak refers to the calf from birth to 6 months of age. Dairy cows are at the stage of the fastest growing stage during this period, and the development of various organs is still not perfect. The quality of yak feeding and management directly affects the adult production performance.
I. Feeding points for yaks
1, early feeding colostrum cows milk production within 5-7 days after delivery is called colostrum. Colostrum contains higher protein, fat, vitamins and other nutrients than regular milk, but also contains a large number of immunoglobulins and lysozyme, which can kill and inhibit bacteria. Therefore, yak should be fed into colostrum as early as possible. Since calves receive the highest absorption of immunoglobulin in colostrum 4-6 hours after birth, calves are fed colostrum about 1 hour after they are born and 2 kg are fed for the second time at 6-9 hours. . Gradually increased later, lasting 5-7 days, the amount of feed generally does not exceed 5% of the weight of calves.
2. Breast-feeding yak yak should be fed into the yak house after feeding for 5-7 days. Normal feeding should be done 3 times a day and the milk temperature should be maintained at 35-38°C.
3, timely Supplement feed concentrate feed calves started 1 week after birth training feed concentrate to supplement nutrition and promote gastrointestinal development. Feed 10-20 grams of concentrate each day for the first few days and gradually increase it to 80-100 grams. After adjusting for a period of time, feed "semi-dry semi-wet" again. Up to 30-day-old doses of up to 200-300 grams per day; 60 days of age increased to 600-1000 grams / day.
4. Feed high-quality roughage to promote the early development of the stomach, feed the roughage before the digestive tract function is perfect. One week after the yak is born, a small amount of high-quality hay can be fed freely in the trough. Calves can be sprinkled with small amounts of silage in the trough for 20-30 days after birth. Afterwards, it will gradually increase. After 2 months, it can be fed 100-150 grams per day; in March, it can be fed to 1.5-2 kg; from 4-6 months to 4-5 kg.
5, to the yak drink good water yak 15 days before the drinking water should be sterilized drinking water, and pay attention to the same temperature and milk temperature. After 15 days, use clean and warm water. Change to tap water after 30 days. However, care should be taken not to allow yak to drink ice water and unhygienic water.
6, early weaning and development of healthy calves can be early weaning at 60 days of age, the specific method is: about half a month before weaning, began to increase the fine material and coarse material, reduce the amount of milk fed. The number of feedings per day was changed from 3 to 2 times, and from 2 to 1 at the time of weaning, then the milk was stopped. Milk can also be mixed with milk to gradually reduce the amount of milk, and finally to all the water supply. It is generally believed that the amount of concentrate feed at weaning is about 1 kg per day. The 3-month-old concentrate is increased to 1.5-2 kg, and rough feed can be supplied in large quantities during this period. 2 months before birth, let him freely feed quality roughage, roughage should be about 1.7 kg per day; after 2 months, general roughage can be fed, and coarse material should be controlled at 2 kg per day.
Second, the calf management requirements
1. After the newborn calves have an unobstructed breath and the yak is born, first remove the mucus in your mouth and nose. The method is to make the calf head lower than other parts of the body, or lift the mucus out for a few seconds, and then use hay to scratch the calf's nostrils to stimulate breathing.
2, navel disinfection Yak broken umbilical cord after the residual blood in the umbilical cord was squeezed, coated with iodine on the umbilical cord, disinfection, to prevent infection.
3. Pay attention to the environmental conditions The optimum temperature of the newborn calf is 15°C. Therefore, attention should be paid to maintaining the insulation, ventilation, drying, and hygiene of the yak's bed house.
4. Brush the yak to brush yak 1-2 times a day to promote blood circulation, keep the skin clean and reduce parasites.
5. After exercising for 1 week, the yaks can exercise freely in the cage. After 10 days, they can be allowed to move for 1-2 times in a short time on the sports field for half an hour each time. As the age increases, the exercise time can be appropriately increased. In order for the yaks to develop good eating habits, to achieve human affinity, the feedman should consciously approach it, touch it, brush it. When approaching, care should be taken to approach from the front and do not be rude to yak.
6. Weigh the calves at birth, 3 months, 6 months, 12 months of age and weaned, and record them in order to grasp the growth and development of calves and adjust the diet.
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