In order to achieve high yield, dwarf walnuts are grafted with excellent seedlings and properly planted, which is conducive to early results and early high yield. It is necessary to strengthen the cultivation techniques and measures, especially the following links:
1. Appropriate selection
According to the walnut tree is a positive tree species of hi-light, and the characteristics of the fertile water and strong water, the terraces with flat terrain should be selected as much as possible, and the soil is deep and fertile, with drainage and irrigation conditions, and the leeward sun is easy to implement the site for each operation.
2, careful preparation
Planting before planting is conducive to planting survival and the growth and development of trees in the future. It is an important pre-planting operation. It can be adapted to local conditions according to the terrain and soil characteristics of the selected field. There are generally two forms.
The sloping land is built on the sloping land. In order to facilitate various operations and maintain water and soil, it is necessary to build a horizontal terrace. Then, the planting pits or planting ditch are excavated according to a certain row spacing on the horizontal terraces.
Flat land on the ground can be directly dig planting pits and planting ditch. The specifications of the planting pit are 1 meter in length and width and 80 cm in depth; the groove of the planting ditch is 1 meter wide and 80 cm deep. Planting pits or ditches should be mixed with organic fertilizer when backfilling, about 50 kg per tree.
3, good seedlings
The selection of good seedlings is an important condition related to the success or failure of the planting of dense planting and high-yield gardens. In order to maintain the consistency of good varieties, it is necessary to use excellent varieties of clonal seedlings, which can be directly constructed with strong grafted seedlings.
4, reasonable close planting
Although the dense planting and high-yield garden emphasizes a "tight" word, it is not as dense as possible, but scientifically and reasonably.
5, thinning flowers and thinning fertilizers
For high-yielding trees, in addition to properly removing some of the excess female flowers or young fruits, it is necessary to add fertilizer. The amount of fertilization per mu per year can be 2-3 tons of organic fertilizer according to the number of plants per mu; 30-40 kg of chemical fertilizer (based on compound fertilizer) is applied. Organic fertilizer should be applied in late autumn or early spring; chemical fertilizer is applied as a top dressing in 2-3 times, usually before flowering, before fruit hard core, and after fruit harvesting.
6, timely irrigation
During the growth and development of walnut trees, all physiological activities require water to participate. Although the moisture requirements of walnuts are not strict, adequate water supply is absolutely necessary to increase production and improve quality.
7, plastic trim
Due to the high planting density, the well-planted tree-shaped control branches are more important for rapid migration. Generally, the trunk height is about 50 cm, and it is best to cultivate a tree structure with a central leading stem.
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