There are many apple trees planted in Yuncheng area. Some peach farmers used to move the experience of apple pruning to peach trees for management in June, July and early August, especially young trees.
In order to retain more branches and leaves, the hair root and long tree adopts the same shaping technology as the apple tree. For upwardly obliquely growing branches, it is reluctant to sparse branches and short branches to balance the tree vigor and branch vigor. Blindly pursue the branching and twisting branches and become upright. It grows obliquely. It is considered weak, and the branches are balanced. As everyone knows, after the branches are transformed, the sprouting slivers are more, and the branches grow thicker. It is difficult to achieve a balance of branching.
Moreover, the sprouting slivers are difficult to form flowers, and the desired results cannot be achieved at all. It also affects the extension of the main branches and the cultivation of the skeleton. The reason is that the new shoots of the apple tree are not mature, even if the branches are pulled, turned, twisted or drooped, it rarely germinates the second shoots. The bud germination can only be stimulated unless the shortening is shortened.
The peach tree is different. The buds have the characteristics of early maturity. As long as the upright oblique shoots are turned horizontally, the polarity is changed immediately, so that the buds sprouting from the back to the stalk quickly, the thicker the back the buds sprouting from the upward to grow more slivers. On the contrary, the branches are more and more unbalanced.
Winter shears are too thick, leaving no flower buds, affecting ventilation and light transmission, and empty after removal. Therefore, try not to transfer the technology to the wood to make plastic errors.
Peach trees have a large amount of growth, and new shoots can grow and grow many times a year. Therefore, according to the characteristics of large growth and multiple sprouts, the methods of thinning, retraction, short cut, and topping are the most reasonable and scientific. . Twisting, turning, and branching can only be used on a tree where there are bare legs, where the branch on the back is not in a good position or on an upright branch, to change direction, cultivate branch groups, and occupy space.
How to fertilize new peach trees?
The newly planted peach seedlings have small roots and are shallowly planted, with a general depth of 15-20 cm. After survival, the peach seedlings can be topdressed and watered 2 to 3 days before the new roots grow. Appropriate early chasing will benefit the new roots (capillary roots) or fibrous roots, and there will be a supply of nutrient water and fertilizer immediately, which is more conducive to promoting new roots. Roots grow, prompting new shoots to grow and expand the crown. Lay a solid foundation for the results early next year. Under normal circumstances, the recovery and growth of roots are all stored nutrients at work, so appropriate early fertilization can shorten the conversion period of nutrients, shorten the time of seedling delay, and more conducive to the growth and development of tree seedlings. So, what is the best effect of top dressing?
1. Chong Shi. Water-soluble fertilizers should be selected during top dressing during growth period, with quick results and high utilization rate. By flushing the water (channel), the water is used less quickly, and it generally infiltrates to a depth of 20-30 cm, as long as there is fertilizer in the water. The early roots are small, the new roots germinate slowly, less, and the amount of absorption is less, plus the black film, the loss is very small.
Second, deep fertilization is not scientific. The newly planted peach tree has shallow roots, and the early hair growth is slow and few. If it is applied with a gun, it should be applied shallowly. Because the film is covered, it can collect rain and moisture, and bring the shallow water-soluble fertilizer into the ground, just at the root. Why not feed nutrients on the mouth of the tree, and save electricity and money for labor and watering the land? If you apply the gun deep, too much rain or drought and watering will partly infiltrate the fertilizer to the lower part of the root, the shallow root nutrients will be difficult to absorb, and the fertilizer will be useless, which is a waste. It is absolutely wrong not to fertilize the big tree and transplant it to the newly planted tree, let alone re-water it, what do you say? Over time, in July, the canopy became larger and the roots deeper, more, and larger. When the base fertilizer is applied in autumn, it can be applied deeply.
3. Timely and quantitative control. The peach tree planted in that year should be carried out by the method of promoting and controlling later. It is to promote the growth of spring shoots and expand the canopy, the faster the growth, the better. However, continued rapid growth is definitely not conducive to the first physiological differentiation of flower buds, affecting the flowering and fruiting next year. Therefore, it is necessary to quantify and control it once in a timely manner, which is conducive to the transformation of vegetative growth to reproductive growth and the formation of peach tree flower buds, which will have a higher yield in the second year. Young peach trees are sensitive to regulators and must not be too heavy. It is best to use PBO regulators 200 to 250 times once in mid-July. It can be a small amount and many times. Slow down the growth in the later period. Dare to over control, the tree will not grow.
Early peach pruning after harvest?
After the early ripe peach is picked, the main shape, the Y shape, and the small heart shape have obvious advantages. Most of the upper parts have an umbrella, and they have grown a lot of contradictory branches, resulting in unbalanced branching, causing polarization, and serious impact. Light and ventilation in the middle and lower parts, this requires the second summer shears, pressure to help weaken, to prevent the two-stage differentiation of branching, to prevent strong branches and weak branches from weakening, resulting in the disconnection of the light legs of the middle and lower chambers The phenomenon occurred, which seriously affected the output of the second year.
By pruning to achieve a basic balance of branching. This time the pruning is relatively heavy, and the unreasonable parachute branches and the long branches emerging from the back of the happy-shaped main branch must be completely removed so that the remaining branches and leaves can see the light. Just entering the critical period of the first physiological differentiation transformation from leaf buds to flower buds is of great significance to the formation of flower buds and the formation of good flowers.
However, this time the pruning technique is more difficult to control. If the pruning is light, it will not be able to balance the branching potential. If it is heavy, it will seriously affect the natural balance of the tree vigor. distribution. Cause the vigorous growth of vegetative shoots. It will cause a large number of new shoot buds to germinate and cannot enter the physiological differentiation of flower buds, and grow into secondary accessory shoots, which will significantly reduce the quality of flower buds and have a great impact on fruit setting next year. Therefore, in the pruning technique, a word "Qiao" must be highlighted.
1. Buckle! Don't engage in topping and trimming. Cap branches, umbrella branches, and long branches do not engage in squeezing and pruning techniques. The squeeze is to retract, that is, the retraction is lighter, the pressure is weaker and the effect of weakening is weak, and in a short period of time, there will be a shadowy cap and an umbrella. .
Second, except! Cannot be removed from the base. As long as it is a capped branch, an umbrella branch, or a long branch, it means that it is thick and large, and each branch will be removed from the base to cause a large wound, which will cause the whole body effect of holding back and forth, and the lower branch will be strengthened. , Just entering the long season of autumn shoots, the remaining new shoot shoots may germinate secondarily, depressing the gourd to float the scoop, which is extremely detrimental to the formation of flower buds. In the case of more branches, the rebound will be stronger in order to rebalance the nutrient distribution quickly, which will stimulate a large number of new shoots to germinate and grow vigorously. Only after the fast growth is balanced will it enter balanced growth, and the branches will be in the favorable part. It is prosperous and will cause imbalance. This is the law of natural growth of peach trees. If it is caused by shading, lack of ventilation and light transmission, it must be adjusted by trimming.
Three, cut! Short interception of high piles and smooth transition of tree potential. The position of each contradiction big branch, long branch thick, strong and strong, and the position of the growing position are different, and the height of the remaining piles must be different. This must be handled by experience, and experience is very important. Retaining piles is reasonable, which can not only exert pressure to help weaken and prevent the polarization of branches, but also achieve overall ventilation and light transmission, and also promote weak branches to become strong. There is no specific standard for staying piles, which is shorter than thick branches and higher than thick branches. It is reasonable to leave a pile of 15~25 cm. Allowing long strips of sprouts on the pile to consume excess nutrients can protect other peach branches from bursting buds next year and allow flower buds to differentiate normally.
Fourth, sparse! Lean and dense. Mainly remove the weak branches that bear fruit and the developmental strips in dense areas, so as to achieve overall basic ventilation and light transmission. Don't dare to overdo it too hard. If the weak branches go too much, it will accumulate less, and it will still cause pressure and will not accept the new shoots to germinate long strips. Relying on experience, degree must be in control. If you are not sure, don't worry about it.
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